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VolDiff.py
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#!/usr/bin/env python
# VolDiff malware analysis script by @aim4r
__author__ = 'aim4r'
# IMPORTS ================================================================
import os
import sys
import time
import datetime
import difflib
import shutil
import re
import string
import simplejson
import urllib
import urllib2
import hashlib
from subprocess import Popen
# VARIABLES ================================================================
version = "2.1.5"
path_to_volatility = "vol.py"
max_concurrent_subprocesses = 3
diff_output_threshold = 100
ma_output_threshold = 60
vt_api_key = "473db868008cddb184e609ace3ca05de8e51f806e57eba74005aba2efa4a1e6e" # the rate limit os 4 requests per IP per minute
devnull = open(os.devnull, 'w')
# volatility plugins to run:
plugins_to_run = ["handles", "psxview", "netscan", "iehistory", "getsids", "pslist", "psscan", "cmdline", "consoles",
"dlllist", "filescan", "shimcache", "shellbags", "sessions", "messagehooks", "eventhooks", "svcscan",
"envars", "mutantscan", "symlinkscan", "atoms", "atomscan", "drivermodule", "mftparser", "driverscan",
"devicetree", "modules", "modscan", "unloadedmodules", "callbacks", "ldrmodules", "privs", "hashdump",
"threads", "malfind", "procdump", "idt", "gdt", "driverirp", "deskscan", "timers", "gditimers",
"ssdt"]
# volatility plugins to report / only used when a baseline memory image is provided:
plugins_to_report = ["pslist", "psscan", "psxview", "netscan", "iehistory", "malfind", "sessions", "privs",
"messagehooks", "eventhooks", "envars", "shimcache", "shellbags", "cmdline", "consoles",
"hashdump", "drivermodule", "driverscan", "driverirp", "modules", "modscan", "unloadedmodules",
"devicetree", "callbacks", "threads", "mutantscan", "symlinkscan", "ssdt"]
# REGEX EXPRESSIONS ================================================================
# regex expressions used to analyse imports
ransomware_imports = "CreateDesktop"
keylogger_imports = "GetKeyboardState|GetKeyState"
password_extract_imports = "SamLookupDomainInSamServer|NlpGetPrimaryCredential|LsaEnumerateLogonSessions|SamOpenDomain|SamOpenUser|SamGetPrivateData|SamConnect|SamRidToSid|PowerCreateRequest|SeDebugPrivilege|SystemFunction006|SystemFunction040"
clipboard_imports = "OpenClipboard"
process_injection_imports = "VirtualAllocEx|AllocateVirtualMemory|VirtualProtectEx|ProtectVirtualMemory|CreateProcess|LoadLibrary|LdrLoadDll|CreateToolhelp32Snapshot|QuerySystemInformation|EnumProcesses|WriteProcessMemory|WriteVirtualMemory|CreateRemoteThread|ResumeThread|SetThreadContext|SetContextThread|QueueUserAPC|QueueApcThread|WinExec|FindResource"
uac_bypass_imports = "AllocateAndInitializeSid|EqualSid|RtlQueryElevationFlags|GetTokenInformation|GetSidSubAuthority|GetSidSubAuthorityCount"
anti_debug_imports = "SetUnhandledExceptionFilter|CheckRemoteDebugger|DebugActiveProcess|FindWindow|GetLastError|GetWindowThreadProcessId|IsDebugged|IsDebuggerPresent|NtCreateThreadEx|NtGlobalFlags|NtSetInformationThread|OutputDebugString|pbIsPresent|Process32First|Process32Next|TerminateProcess|ThreadHideFromDebugger|UnhandledExceptionFilter|ZwQueryInformation|Sleep|GetProcessHeap"
web_imports = "InternetReadFile|recvfrom|WSARecv|DeleteUrlCacheEntry|CreateUrlCacheEntry|URLDownloadToFile|WSASocket|WSASend|WSARecv|WS2_32|InternetOpen|HTTPOpen|HTTPSend|InternetWrite|InternetConnect"
listen_imports = "RasPortListen|RpcServerListen|RpcMgmtWaitServerListen|RpcMgmtIsServerListening"
service_imports = "OpenService|CreateService|StartService|NdrClientCall2|NtLoadDriver"
shutdown_imports = "ExitWindows"
registry_imports = "RegOpenKey|RegQueryValue|ZwSetValueKey"
file_imports = "CreateFile|WriteFile"
atoms_imports = "GlobalAddAtom"
localtime_imports = "GetLocalTime|GetSystemTime"
driver_imports = "DeviceIoControl"
username_imports = "GetUserName|LookupAccountNameLocal"
machine_version_imports = "GetVersion"
startup_imports = "GetStartupInfo"
diskspace_imports = "GetDiskFreeSpace"
sysinfo_imports = "CreateToolhelp32Snapshot|NtSetSystemInformation|NtQuerySystemInformation|GetCurrentProcess|GetModuleFileName"
# regex expressions used to analyse strings (from process executables)
web_regex_str = "cookie|download|proxy|responsetext|socket|useragent|user-agent|urlmon|user_agent|WebClient|winhttp|http"
antivirus_regex_str = "antivir|anvir|avast|avcons|avgctrl|avginternet|avira|bitdefender|checkpoint|comodo|F-Secure|firewall|kaspersky|mcafee|norton|norman|safeweb|sophos|symantec|windefend"
virtualisation_regex_str = "000569|001C14|080027|citrix|parallels|proxmox|qemu|SbieDll|Vbox|VMXh|virm|virtualbox|virtualpc|vmsrvc|vpc|winice|vmware|xen"
sandbox_regex_str = "anubis|capturebat|cuckoo|deepfreeze|debug|fiddler|fireeye|inctrl5|installwatch|installspy|netmon|noriben|nwinvestigatorpe|perl|processhacker|python|regshot|sandb|schmidti|sleep|snort|systracer|uninstalltool|tcpdump|trackwinstall|whatchanged|wireshark"
sysinternals_regex_str = "filemon|sysinternal|procdump|procexp|procmon|psexec|regmon|sysmon"
shell_regex_str = "shellexecute|shell32"
keylogger_regex_str = "backspace|klog|keylog|shift"
filepath_regex_str = 'C:\\\(?:[^\\\/:*?"<>|\r\n]+\\\)*[^\\\/:*?"<>|\r\n]*'
password_regex_str = "brute|credential|creds|mimikatz|passwd|password|pwd|sniff|stdapi|WCEServicePipe|wce_krbtkts"
powershell_regex_str = "powerview|powershell"
sql_regex_str = "SELECT|INSERT|sqlite|MySQL"
infogathering_regex_str = "driverquery|gethost|wmic|GetVolumeInformation|systeminfo|tasklist|reg.exe"
tool_regex_str = "cain|clearev|ipscan|netsh|rundll32|timestomp|torrent"
banking_regex_str = "banc|banco|bank|Barclays|hsbc|jpmorgan|lloyds|natwest|nwolb|paypal|rbc.com|santander"
socialsites_regex_str = "facebook|instagram|linkedin|pastebin|twitter|yahoo|youtube"
exec_regex_str = ".*\.bat|.*\.cmd|.*\.class|.*\.exe|.*\.jar|.*\.js|.*\.jse|.*\.SCR|.*\.VBE|.*\.vbs"
crypto_regex_str = "bitlocker|bitcoin|CIPHER|crypt|locker|logkey|publickey|ransom|truecrypt|veracrypt"
rat_regex_str = "backdoor|botnet|login|malware|rootkit|screenshot|Trojan|Vnc|VncStart"
browser_regex_str = "chrome|firefox|mozilla|opera"
other_regex_str = "admin|currentversion|hosts|registry|smtp|UserInit|.*\.pdb"
# regex expressions used to extract ips, domains and email addresses
ips_regex = r"(?!\b\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}\.0\b)\b\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}\b"
domains_regex_http = 'http[s]?://(?:[a-zA-Z]|[0-9]|[$-_@.&+]|[!*\(\),]|(?:%[0-9a-fA-F][0-9a-fA-F]))+'
domains_regex_ftp = 'ftp[s]?://(?:[a-zA-Z]|[0-9]|[$-_@.&+]|[!*\(\),]|(?:%[0-9a-fA-F][0-9a-fA-F]))+'
domains_regex_file = 'file[s]?://(?:[a-zA-Z]|[0-9]|[$-_@.&+]|[!*\(\),]|(?:%[0-9a-fA-F][0-9a-fA-F]))+'
emails_regex = r"\b[a-zA-Z0-9.-]+@[a-zA-Z0-9.-]+\.[a-zA-Z0-9.-]+\b"
# regex expressions used to analyse registry handles
registry_infogathering_regex = "SOFTWARE\\\MICROSOFT|Parameters|SOFTWARE\\\POLICIES"
registry_proxy_settings_regex = "INTERNET SETTINGS"
registry_locale_regex = "NLS\\\LOCALE"
registry_hostname_regex = "COMPUTERNAME"
registry_installed_programs_regex = "CurrentVersion\\\App Paths|CurrentVersion\\\Uninstall|Installed Components"
registry_remote_control_regex = "Terminal Server|Realvnc"
registry_firewall_regex = "firewall"
registry_services_regex = "CurrentControlSet\\\services"
registry_network_regex = "NetworkList|Tcpip"
registry_autorun_regex = "CurrentVersion\\\Explorer|CurrentVersion\\\Run|CurrentVersion\\\Windows|Current Version\\\Policies\\\Explorer|CurrentVersion\\\Winlogon|Shell Extensions"
registry_command_processor_regex = "Command Processor"
registry_crypto_regex = "CRYPTOGRAPHY"
registry_tracing_regex = "TRACING"
registry_file_associations_regex = "SYSTEMFILEASSOCIATIONS"
registry_ie_security_regex = "INTERNET EXPLORER\\\SECURITY"
registry_security_center_regex = "Security Center"
# suspicious processes and dlls
hacker_process_regex = "at.exe|chtask.exe|clearev|ftp.exe|net.exe|nbtstat.exe|net1.exe|ping.exe|powershell|procdump.exe|psexec|quser.exe|reg.exe|regsvr32.exe|schtasks|systeminfo.exe|taskkill.exe|timestomp|winrm|wmic|xcopy.exe"
hacker_dll_regex = "mimilib.dll|sekurlsa.dll|wceaux.dll|iamdll.dll|VMCheck.dll"
# suspicious process names
l33t_process_name = "snss|crss|cssrs|csrsss|lass|isass|lssass|lsasss|scvh|svch0st|svhos|svchst|svchosts|lsn|g0n|l0g|nvcpl|rundii|wauclt|spscv|spppsvc|sppscv|sppcsv|taskchost|tskhost|msorsv|corsw|arch1ndex|wmipvr|wmiprse|runddl|crss.exe"
# "usual" process names
usual_processes = "sppsvc.exe|audiodg.exe|mscorsvw.exe|SearchIndexer|TPAutoConnSvc|TPAutoConnect|taskhost.exe|smss.exe|wininit.exe|services.exe|lsass.exe|svchost.exe|lsm.exe|explorer.exe|winlogon|conhost.exe|dllhost.exe|spoolsv.exe|vmtoolsd.exe|WmiPrvSE.exe|msdtc.exe|TrustedInstall|SearchFilterHo|csrss.exe|System|ipconfig.exe|cmd.exe|dwm.exe|mobsync.exe|DumpIt.exe|VMwareTray.exe|wuauclt.exe|LogonUI.exe|SearchProtocol|vssvc.exe|WMIADAP.exe"
# suspicious filepaths
susp_filepath = "\\\ProgramData|\\\Recycle|\\\Windows\\\Temp|\\\Users\\\All|\\\Users\\\Default|\\\Users\\\Public|\\\ProgramData|AppData"
temp_filepath = "\\\TMP|\\\TEMP|\\\AppData"
# usual timers
usual_timers = "ataport.SYS|ntoskrnl.exe|NETIO.SYS|storport.sys|afd.sys|cng.sys|dfsc.sys|discache.sys|HTTP.sys|luafv.sys|ndis.sys|Ntfs.sys|rdbss.sys|rdyboost.sys|spsys.sys|srvnet.sys|srv.sys|tcpip.sys|usbccgp.sys|netbt.sys|volsnap.sys|dxgkrnl.sys|bowser.sys|fltmgr.sys"
# usual gditimers
usual_gditimers = "dllhost.exe|explorer.exe|csrss.exe"
# usual ssdt
usual_ssdt = "(ntos|win32k)"
# usual atoms and atomscan dlls
usual_atoms_dlls = "system32\\\wls0wndh.dll|System32\\\pnidui.dll|system32\\\stobject.dll|vmusr\\\\vmtray.dll|system32\\\EXPLORERFRAME.dll|system32\\\uxtheme.dll|system32\\\MsftEdit.dll|system32\\\SndVolSSO.DLL|system32\\\\fxsst.dll|system32\\\WINMM.dll"
# extensions of interest
susp_extensions_regex = "\.job$|\.pdb$|\.xls$|\.doc$|\.pdf$|\.tmp$|\.temp$|\.rar$|\.zip$|\.bat|\.cmd$|\.class$|\.jar$|\.jse$|\.SCR$|\.VBE$|\.vbs$"
# DICTIONARIES/LISTS USED FOR PROCESS CHECKS ================================================================
# list of "unique" processes
uniq_processes = ["services.exe", "System", "wininit.exe", "smss.exe", "lsass.exe", "lsm.exe", "explorer.exe"]
# expected execution path for some processes
process_execpath = {'smss.exe': "\systemroot\system32\smss.exe",
"crss.exe": "\windows\system32\csrss.exe",
"wininit.exe": "wininit.exe",
"services.exe": "\windows\system32\services.exe",
"lsass.exe": "\windows\system32\lsass.exe",
"svchost.exe": "\windows\system32\svchost.exe",
"lsm.exe": "\windows\system32\lsm.exe",
"explorer.exe": "\windows\explorer.exe",
"winlogon.exe": "winlogon.exe",
"sppsvc.exe": "\windows\system32\sppsvc.exe"}
# expected process parent/child relationship
parent_child = {'services.exe': ["sppsvc.exe", "taskhost.exe", "mscorsvw.exe", "TPAutoConnSvc", "SearchIndexer", "svchost.exe", "taskhost.exe", "spoolsv.exe"],
'System': ["smss.exe"], 'csrss.exe': ["conhost.exe"],
'svchost.exe': ["WmiPrvSE.exe", "audiodg.exe"],
'wininit.exe': ["services.exe", "lsass.exe", "lsm.exe"]
}
# expected process sessions
session0_processes = ["wininit.exe", "services.exe", "svchost.exe", "lsm.exe", "lsass.exe"]
session1_processes = ["winlogon.exe"]
# VOLATILITY PROFILES ================================================================
profiles = ["VistaSP0x86", "VistaSP0x64", "VistaSP1x86", "VistaSP1x64", "VistaSP2x86", "VistaSP2x64",
"Win2003SP0x86", "Win2003SP1x86", "Win2003SP1x64", "Win2003SP2x86", "Win2003SP2x64",
"Win2008SP1x86", "Win2008SP1x64", "Win2008SP2x86", "Win2008SP2x64", "Win2008R2SP0x64", "Win2008R2SP1x64",
"Win2012R2x64", "Win2012x64",
"Win7SP0x86", "Win7SP0x64", "Win7SP1x86", "Win7SP1x64",
"Win8SP0x86", "Win8SP0x64", "Win8SP1x86", "Win8SP1x64",
"WinXPSP2x86", "WinXPSP1x64", "WinXPSP2x64", "WinXPSP3x86"]
preferred_profiles = ["Win7SP0x86", "Win7SP0x64", "Win7SP1x86", "Win7SP1x64"]
# PRINT VOLDIFF BANNER ================================================================
def print_voldiff_banner():
print (" _ ___ _ __ __ ")
print (" /\ /\___ | | / (_)/ _|/ _|")
print (" \ \ / / _ \| | / /\ / | |_| |_ ")
print (" \ V / (_) | |/ /_//| | _| _|")
print (" \_/ \___/|_/___,' |_|_| |_| ")
print ("\nVolDiff: Malware Memory Footprint Analysis (v%s)\n" % version)
# PRINT HELP SECTION ================================================================
def print_help():
print ("Usage: ./VolDiff.py [BASELINE_IMAGE] INFECTED_IMAGE PROFILE [OPTIONS]")
print ("\nOptions:")
print ("--help display this help and exit")
print ("--version display version information and exit")
print ("--dependencies display information about script dependencies and exit")
print ("--malware-checks hunt and report suspicious anomalies (slow, recommended)")
print ("--output-dir [dir] custom directory to store analysis results")
print ("--no-report do not create a report")
print ("\nTested using Volatility 2.5 (vol.py) on Windows 7 images.")
sys.exit()
# PRINT VERSION INFORMATION ================================================================
def print_version():
print ("This is a free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.")
print ("There is no warranty, to the extent permitted by law.")
print ("Written by @aim4r. Report bugs to voldiff[@]gmail.com.")
sys.exit()
# PRINT DEPENDENCIES ================================================================
def print_dependencies():
print ("Requires volatility 2.5 (vol.py) to be installed.")
sys.exit()
# VERIFY PATH TO VOLATILITY EXISTS ================================================================
def check_volatility_path(path):
if os.path.isfile(path):
return True
for p in os.environ["PATH"].split(os.pathsep):
full_path = os.path.join(p, path)
if os.path.exists(full_path):
return True
return False
# VERIFY ENOUGH ARGUMENTS ARE SUPPLIED ================================================================
def check_enough_arguments_supplied(n=4):
if len(sys.argv) < n:
print("Not enough arguments supplied. Please use the --help option for help.")
sys.exit()
# SET PROFILE AND FIND PATH TO MEMORY IMAGE(S) ================================================================
def check_profile(pr):
if pr not in profiles:
print ("Please specify a valid Volatility Windows profile for use (such as Win7SP1x64).")
sys.exit()
if pr not in preferred_profiles:
print(
"WARNING: This script was only tested using Windows 7 profiles. The specified profile (%s) seems different!" % pr)
else:
print ("Profile: %s" % pr)
return
# COMPLETION AND CLEANUP FUNCTION ================================================================
def script_completion(start_time):
if 'report' in globals():
report.write("\n\nEnd of report.")
report.close()
open_report(output_dir + "/VolDiff_Report.txt")
notify_completion("VolDiff execution completed.")
shutil.rmtree(output_dir + '/tmpfolder')
completion_time = time.time() - start_time
a = int(completion_time / 60)
b = int(completion_time % 60)
if 'devnull' in globals():
devnull.close()
print("\nVolDiff execution completed in %s minutes and %s seconds." % (a, b))
sys.exit()
# DIFFING RESULTS ================================================================
def diff_files(path1, path2, diffpath):
with open(path1, "r") as file1:
with open(path2, "r") as file2:
diff = difflib.unified_diff(file1.readlines(), file2.readlines())
with open(diffpath, 'w+') as file3:
print >> file3, ''.join(list(diff))
file3.seek(0)
lines = file3.readlines()
file3.seek(0)
for line in lines:
if line.startswith("+") and not line.startswith("+++"):
file3.write(line[1:])
file3.truncate()
return
# REPORT CREATION ================================================================
def report_plugin(plugin, header_lines=0, threshold=diff_output_threshold):
report.write("\n\nNew %s entries." % plugin)
report.write("\n==========================================================================================================================\n")
if header_lines != 0:
with open(output_dir + "/" + plugin + "/infected_" + plugin + ".txt") as f:
for i in range(header_lines):
line = next(f, '').strip()
report.write(line + "\n")
line_counter = 0
with open(output_dir + "/" + plugin + "/diff_" + plugin + ".txt") as diff:
for line in diff:
line_counter += 1
if line_counter < threshold:
report.write(line)
else:
report.write("\nWarning: too many new entries to report, output truncated!\n")
break
return
# OPENING REPORT ================================================================
def open_report(report_path):
if os.name == 'posix':
p = Popen(['xdg-open', report_path], stdout=devnull, stderr=devnull)
p.wait()
elif os.name == 'mac':
p = Popen(['open', report_path], stdout=devnull, stderr=devnull)
p.wait()
elif os.name == 'nt':
p = Popen(['cmd', '/c', 'start', report_path], stdout=devnull, stderr=devnull) # cmd /c start [filename]
p.wait()
# NOTIFYING ABOUT SCRIPT COMPLETION ================================================================
def notify_completion(message):
if os.name == 'posix':
p = Popen(['notify-send', message], stdout=devnull, stderr=devnull)
p.wait()
# MALWARE ANALYSIS FUNCTIONS ================================================================
def open_full_plugin(plugin="psscan", lines_to_ignore=2, state="infected"):
if os.path.isfile(output_dir + "/" + plugin + "/" + state + "_" + plugin + ".txt"):
f = open(output_dir + "/" + plugin + "/" + state + "_" + plugin + ".txt")
else:
f = open(output_dir + "/" + plugin + "/" + plugin + ".txt")
for i in xrange(lines_to_ignore):
next(f, '')
return f
def open_diff_plugin(plugin="psscan", lines_to_ignore=2):
if os.path.isfile(output_dir + "/" + plugin + "/diff_" + plugin + ".txt"):
f = open(output_dir + "/" + plugin + "/diff_" + plugin + ".txt")
else:
f = open(output_dir + "/" + plugin + "/" + plugin + ".txt")
for i in xrange(lines_to_ignore):
next(f, '')
return f
def anomaly_search(plugin, regex_to_include, ignorecase='yes', regex_to_exclude='', diff="diff"):
match_list = []
if diff == "diff":
f = open_diff_plugin(plugin)
else:
f = open_full_plugin(plugin)
for line in f:
if ignorecase == 'yes':
if re.search(regex_to_include, line, re.IGNORECASE):
if regex_to_exclude == '':
match_list.append(line)
elif not re.search(regex_to_exclude, line, re.IGNORECASE):
match_list.append(line)
else:
if re.search(regex_to_include, line):
if regex_to_exclude == '':
match_list.append(line)
elif not re.search(regex_to_exclude, line):
match_list.append(line)
f.close()
return match_list
def anomaly_search_inverted(plugin, regex_to_exclude, ignorecase='yes', regex_to_include=''):
match_list = []
f = open_diff_plugin(plugin)
for line in f:
if ignorecase == 'yes':
if not re.search(regex_to_exclude, line, re.IGNORECASE):
if regex_to_include == '':
match_list.append(line)
elif re.search(regex_to_include, line, re.IGNORECASE):
match_list.append(line)
else:
if not re.search(regex_to_exclude, line):
if regex_to_include == '':
match_list.append(line)
elif re.search(regex_to_include, line):
match_list.append(line)
f.close()
return match_list
def report_anomalies(headline, anomaly_list, delim="=", plugin="", header_lines=0, threshold=ma_output_threshold):
if len(anomaly_list) != 0:
report.write("\n\n%s" % headline)
if delim == "=":
report.write(
"\n==========================================================================================================================\n")
elif delim == '-':
report.write(
"\n--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n")
if header_lines != 0 and plugin != "":
if os.path.isfile(output_dir + "/" + plugin + "/infected_" + plugin + ".txt"):
with open(output_dir + "/" + plugin + "/infected_" + plugin + ".txt") as f:
for i in range(header_lines):
line = next(f, '').strip()
report.write(line + "\n")
else:
with open(output_dir + "/" + plugin + "/" + plugin + ".txt") as f:
for i in range(header_lines):
line = next(f, '').strip()
report.write(line + "\n")
if len(anomaly_list) > threshold:
anomaly_list_to_report = anomaly_list[0:threshold]
anomaly_list_to_report.append("\nWarning: too many entries to report, output truncated!\n")
else:
anomaly_list_to_report = anomaly_list
for line in anomaly_list_to_report:
report.write(line)
return
def extract_substrings(input_list, regex):
extracted_list = []
for entry in input_list:
subentries = entry.split(' ')
for subentry in subentries:
if re.search(regex, subentry, re.IGNORECASE):
extracted_list.append(subentry)
return extracted_list
def tidy_list(input_list):
updatedlist = []
for entry in input_list:
if not re.search("\\n", entry):
entry += '\n'
updatedlist.append(entry)
updatedlist = sorted(set(updatedlist))
return updatedlist
def find_ips_domains_emails(plugin):
f = open_diff_plugin(plugin, 0)
ips = []
ips_to_report = []
ips_regex_exclude = r"127\.0\.0\.1|0\.0\.0\.0"
for line in f:
if re.search(ips_regex, line, re.IGNORECASE):
ips += re.findall(ips_regex, line, re.IGNORECASE)
for ip in ips:
if not re.search(ips_regex_exclude, ip, re.IGNORECASE):
ips_to_report.append(ip)
domains = []
f.seek(0)
for line in f:
if re.search(domains_regex_http, line, re.IGNORECASE):
domains += re.findall(domains_regex_http, line, re.IGNORECASE)
if re.search(domains_regex_ftp, line, re.IGNORECASE):
domains += re.findall(domains_regex_ftp, line, re.IGNORECASE)
if re.search(domains_regex_file, line, re.IGNORECASE):
domains += re.findall(domains_regex_file, line, re.IGNORECASE)
emails = []
f.seek(0)
for line in f:
if re.search(emails_regex, line, re.IGNORECASE):
emails += re.findall(emails_regex, line, re.IGNORECASE)
ips_domains_emails = ips_to_report + domains + emails
ips_domains_emails = tidy_list(ips_domains_emails)
f.close()
return ips_domains_emails
def get_pids(procname, plugin="psscan"):
pids = []
if procname == "":
return pids
f = open_full_plugin(plugin, 2)
for line in f:
if re.search(' ' + procname + ' ', line, re.IGNORECASE):
pids.append(re.sub(' +', ' ', line).split(' ')[2])
pids = sorted(set(pids))
f.close()
return pids
def get_associated_process_lines_pids(pids, plugin="psscan"):
f = open_full_plugin(plugin, 2)
associated_psscan_lines = []
for line in f:
for pid in pids:
if re.sub(' +', ' ', line).split(' ')[2] == str(pid):
associated_psscan_lines.append(line)
f.close()
return associated_psscan_lines
def get_associated_process_lines_ppids(ppids, plugin="psscan"):
f = open_full_plugin(plugin, 2)
associated_psscan_lines = []
for line in f:
for ppid in ppids:
if re.sub(' +', ' ', line).split(' ')[3] == str(ppid):
associated_psscan_lines.append(line)
f.close()
return associated_psscan_lines
def get_childs_of(pids):
f = open_full_plugin("psscan", 2)
childs = []
for line in f:
for pid in pids:
ppid = re.sub(' +', ' ', line).split(' ')[3]
if ppid == str(pid):
childs.append(re.sub(' +', ' ', line).split(' ')[2])
childs = sorted(set(childs))
f.close()
return childs
def get_parent_pids_of(childs):
f = open_full_plugin("psscan", 2)
parents = []
for line in f:
for child in childs:
if re.sub(' +', ' ', line).split(' ')[2] == child:
parents.append(re.sub(' +', ' ', line).split(' ')[3])
parents = sorted(set(parents))
f.close()
return parents
def get_procnames(pids):
f = open_full_plugin("psscan", 2)
procnames = []
for line in f:
for pid in pids:
if re.sub(' +', ' ', line).split(' ')[2] == pid:
procnames.append(re.sub(' +', ' ', line).split(' ')[1])
f.close()
return procnames
def get_all_pids(exception_regex=''):
f = open_full_plugin("psscan", 2)
pids = []
for line in f:
if exception_regex != '' and re.search(exception_regex, line, re.IGNORECASE):
continue
else:
pid = re.sub(' +', ' ', line).split(' ')[2]
if pid != "0":
pids.append(pid)
pids = sorted(set(pids))
f.close()
return pids
def get_diff_pids(exception_regex=''):
f = open_diff_plugin("psscan", 2)
pids = []
for line in f:
if exception_regex != '' and re.search(exception_regex, line, re.IGNORECASE):
continue
else:
pid = re.sub(' +', ' ', line).split(' ')[2]
if pid != "0":
pids.append(pid)
pids = sorted(set(pids))
f.close()
return pids
def get_procname(pid, plugin='psscan'):
f = open_full_plugin(plugin, 2)
procnamee = ""
for line in f:
if re.search(r"[a-zA-Z\.]\s+%s " % pid, line, re.IGNORECASE):
procnamee = (re.sub(' +', ' ', line).split(' ')[1])
break
procnamee = str(procnamee)
f.close()
return procnamee
def get_all_procnames(plugin='psscan', exception_regex=''):
f = open_full_plugin(plugin, 2)
procnames = []
for line in f:
if exception_regex != '' and re.search(exception_regex, line, re.IGNORECASE):
continue
else:
procnames.append(re.sub(' +', ' ', line).split(' ')[1])
procnames = sorted(set(procnames))
f.close()
return procnames
def get_all_ppids(exception_regex=''):
f = open_full_plugin("psscan", 2)
ppids = []
for line in f:
if exception_regex != '' and re.search(exception_regex, line, re.IGNORECASE):
continue
elif re.sub(' +', ' ', line).split(' ')[2] != "0":
ppids.append(re.sub(' +', ' ', line).split(' ')[3])
ppids = sorted(set(ppids))
f.close()
return ppids
def get_session(pid):
session = ""
f = open_full_plugin("pslist", 2)
for line in f:
if re.search(' ' + str(pid) + ' ', line, re.IGNORECASE):
session = re.sub(' +', ' ', line).split(' ')[6]
break
f.close()
return session
def get_execpath(pid):
execpath = ''
procnamep = get_procname(pid)
f = open_full_plugin("dlllist", 0)
for line in f:
if re.search(procnamep + ' pid.*' + str(pid), line, re.IGNORECASE):
command_line = next(f, '')
execpath = re.sub("Command line : ", "", command_line)
execpath = re.sub(".:", "", execpath)
execpath = re.sub(" .*", "", execpath)
execpath = re.sub("\n", "", execpath)
f.close()
return execpath
def get_cmdline(pid):
cmdline = []
procnamec = get_procname(pid)
f = open_full_plugin("cmdline", 0)
for line in f:
if re.search(procnamec + ' pid.* ' + pid, line, re.IGNORECASE):
cmdline.append(line)
line = next(f, '')
cmdline.append(line)
break
if cmdline:
if not re.search("Command", cmdline[1], re.IGNORECASE):
cmdline = []
f.close()
return cmdline
def deadproc_activethreads():
f = open_full_plugin("psxview", 2)
dead_proc_active_threads = []
for line in f:
if 'UTC' in str(re.sub(' +', ' ', line).split(' ')[9:]) and re.sub(' +', ' ', line).split(' ')[5] == "True":
dead_proc_active_threads.append(line)
f.close()
return dead_proc_active_threads
def get_hosts_contents(memory_image_file):
hostscontent = []
f = open_full_plugin("filescan", 2)
qaddressb = ""
for line in f:
if re.search("etc\\\hosts$", line, re.IGNORECASE):
qaddressb = re.sub(' +', ' ', line).split(' ')[0]
break
if qaddressb != "":
hostsfolder = tmpfolder + "hosts/"
if not os.path.isdir(hostsfolder):
os.makedirs(hostsfolder)
process_var = Popen([path_to_volatility, "--profile", profile, "-f", memory_image_file, "dumpfiles", "-Q", qaddressb, "-D", hostsfolder], stdout=devnull, stderr=devnull)
process_var.wait()
dumped_hosts_filename = os.listdir(hostsfolder)
if len(dumped_hosts_filename) == 1:
with open(hostsfolder + str(dumped_hosts_filename[0]), mode='rb') as hosts:
for line in hosts:
if not re.search("^#", line) and re.search(" ", line):
hostscontent.append(line)
hostscontent = sorted(set(hostscontent))
f.close()
return hostscontent
def filter_new_services():
filtered_services = []
diff_svcscan = open_diff_plugin("svcscan", 0)
baseline_svcscan = open_full_plugin("svcscan", 0, "baseline")
for line in diff_svcscan:
if line not in baseline_svcscan and not re.search("Offset:", line, re.IGNORECASE):
filtered_services.append(line)
baseline_svcscan.seek(0)
filtered_services = set(filtered_services)
baseline_svcscan.close()
diff_svcscan.close()
return filtered_services
def get_associated_services(pid):
services = []
full_svcscan = open_full_plugin("svcscan", 0)
for line in full_svcscan:
if re.search("Process ID: " + str(pid) + "\n", line, re.IGNORECASE):
services.append("\n")
services.append(line)
for i in xrange(5):
line = next(full_svcscan, '')
services.append(line)
full_svcscan.close()
return services
def get_malfind_pids():
malfind_pids = []
f = open_diff_plugin("malfind", 0)
for line in f:
if re.search("Address:", line):
malfind_pids.append(re.sub(' +', ' ', line).split(' ')[3])
malfind_pids = sorted(set(malfind_pids))
f.close()
return malfind_pids
def get_malfind_injections(pid, m="dual"):
malfind_injections = []
f = open_diff_plugin("malfind", 0)
if m == "dual":
n = 6
else:
n = 7
for line in f:
if re.search("Pid: " + str(pid) + " ", line):
malfind_injections.append("\n")
malfind_injections.append(line)
for i in xrange(n):
line = next(f, '')
malfind_injections.append(line)
f.close()
return malfind_injections
def analyse_registry(pid):
rhit = False
registry_analysis_matrix = {"\nCollects information about system": registry_infogathering_regex,
"\nQueries / modifies proxy settings": registry_proxy_settings_regex,
"\nReads information about supported languages": registry_locale_regex,
"\nIdentifies machine name": registry_hostname_regex,
"\nIdentifies installed programs": registry_installed_programs_regex,
"\nQueries / modifies remote control settings": registry_remote_control_regex,
"\nQueries / modifies firewall settings": registry_firewall_regex,
"\nQueries / modifies service settings": registry_services_regex,
"\nQueries / modifies network settings": registry_network_regex,
"\nHas access to autorun registry keys": registry_autorun_regex,
"\nQueries / modifies the Windows command processor": registry_command_processor_regex,
"\nQueries / modifies encryption seettings": registry_crypto_regex,
"\nQueries / modifies file association settings": registry_file_associations_regex,
"\nQueries / modifies security seettings": registry_ie_security_regex,
}
for reg_key in registry_analysis_matrix:
registry = anomaly_search("handles", registry_analysis_matrix[reg_key], "yes", "", "diff")
registry_to_report = []
for key in registry:
if re.search(" " + str(pid) + " ", key, re.IGNORECASE) and re.search("Key", key, re.IGNORECASE):
a = re.sub(' +', ' ', key).split(' ')[5:]
b = re.sub('\n', '', ' '.join(a))
registry_to_report.append(b)
if len(registry_to_report) > 0:
if not rhit:
report.write("\n\nInteresting registry handles:")
report.write(
"\n--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n")
rhit = True
report_string = ""
registry_to_report = sorted(set(registry_to_report))
for regkey in registry_to_report:
report_string += " " + regkey + "\n"
report.write(reg_key + ":\n" + report_string)
def analyse_imports(pid):
import_analysis_matrix = {"Can create new desktops ": ransomware_imports,
"Can track keyboard strokes ": keylogger_imports,
"Can extract passwords ": password_extract_imports,
"Can access the clipboard ": clipboard_imports,
"Can inject code to other processes ": process_injection_imports,
"Can bypass UAC ": uac_bypass_imports,
"Can use antidebug techniques ": anti_debug_imports,
"Can receive or send files from or to internet ": web_imports,
"Can listen for inbound connections ": listen_imports,
"Can create or start services ": service_imports,
"Can restart or shutdown the system ": shutdown_imports,
"Can interact with the registry ": registry_imports,
"Can create or write to files ": file_imports,
"Can create atoms ": atoms_imports,
"Can identify machine time ": localtime_imports,
"Can interact with or query device drivers ": driver_imports,
"Can enumerate username ": username_imports,
"Can identify machine version information ": machine_version_imports,
"Can query startup information ": startup_imports,
"Can enumerate free disk space ": diskspace_imports,
"Can enumerate system information ": sysinfo_imports
}
impscanfolder = tmpfolder + "impscan/"
hit = False
if os.path.isfile(impscanfolder + str(pid) + ".txt"):
for susp_imports_codename in import_analysis_matrix:
regex = import_analysis_matrix[susp_imports_codename]
susp_functions = []
with open(impscanfolder + str(pid) + ".txt", "r") as imports:
for function in imports:
if re.search(regex, function, re.IGNORECASE):
susp_functions.append(re.sub(' +', ' ', function).split(' ')[3])
if len(susp_functions) > 0:
if not hit:
report.write("\n\nInteresting imports:")
report.write(
"\n--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n")
hit = True
report_string = ""
susp_functions = sorted(set(susp_functions))
for function in susp_functions:
if function == susp_functions[-1]:
report_string += re.sub("\n", "", function)
else:
report_string += (re.sub("\n", "", function) + ", ")
report.write(susp_imports_codename + "(" + report_string + ").\n")
def strings(filepath, minimum=4):
with open(filepath, "rb") as f:
result = ""
for c in f.read():
if c in string.printable:
result += c
continue
if len(result) >= minimum:
yield result
result = ""
def analyse_strings(pid):
strings_analysis_matrix = {"IP address(es)": ips_regex,
"Email(s)": emails_regex,
"HTTP URL(s)": domains_regex_http,
"FTP URL(s)": domains_regex_ftp,
"File URL(s)": domains_regex_file,
"Web related keyword(s)": web_regex_str,
"Keylogger keyword(s)": keylogger_regex_str,
"Password keyword(s)": password_regex_str,
"RAT keyword(s)": rat_regex_str,
"Tool(s)": tool_regex_str,
"Banking keyword(s)": banking_regex_str,
"Social website(s)": socialsites_regex_str,
"Antivirus keyword(s)": antivirus_regex_str,
"Anti-sandbox keyword(s)": sandbox_regex_str,
"Virtualisation keyword(s)": virtualisation_regex_str,
"Sysinternal tool(s)": sysinternals_regex_str,
"Powershell keyword(s)": powershell_regex_str,
"SQL keyword(s)": sql_regex_str,
"Shell keyword(s)": shell_regex_str,
"Information gathering keyword(s)": infogathering_regex_str,
"Executable file(s)": exec_regex_str,
"Encryption keyword(s)": crypto_regex_str,
"Filepath(s)": filepath_regex_str,
"Browser keyword(s)": browser_regex_str,
"Misc keyword(s)": other_regex_str
}
dumpfolder = tmpfolder + str(pid) + "/"
filelist = os.listdir(dumpfolder)
hit = False
for susp_strings_codename in strings_analysis_matrix:
regex = strings_analysis_matrix[susp_strings_codename]
susp_strings = []
for f in filelist:
for stringa in strings(dumpfolder + f):
if re.search(regex, stringa, re.IGNORECASE):
for i in re.findall(regex, stringa, re.IGNORECASE):
susp_strings.append(i)
if len(susp_strings) > 0:
if not hit:
report.write("\n\nSuspicious strings from process memory:")
report.write("\n--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n")
hit = True
report_string = ""
susp_strings = sorted(set(susp_strings))
for susp_string in susp_strings:
if susp_string == susp_strings[-1]:
report_string += re.sub("\n", "", susp_string)
else:
report_string += (re.sub("\n", "", susp_string) + ", ")
report.write(susp_strings_codename + ": " + report_string + "\n")
def check_expected_parent(pid):
fl = False
expected_parent = ""
childname = get_procname(pid, 'psscan')
parent = ""
for parent in parent_child:
if childname in parent_child[parent]:
fl = True
expected_parent = parent
break
if fl:
actual_parent = get_procname(get_parent_pids_of([pid, ])[0], "psscan")
if actual_parent.lower() != parent.lower():
j = get_associated_process_lines_pids(get_pids(actual_parent))
l = get_associated_process_lines_pids(get_pids(expected_parent))
k = get_associated_process_lines_pids([pid, ])
report_anomalies("Unexpected parent process (" + actual_parent + " instead of " + expected_parent + "):", k + j + l, '-', "psscan", 2)
def get_remote_share_handles(pid):
share_handles_to_report = []
remote_share = anomaly_search("handles", "Device\\\(LanmanRedirector|Mup)", 'yes', '', "diff")
for share_handle in remote_share:
if re.sub(' +', ' ', share_handle).split(' ')[1] == pid:
share_handles_to_report.append(share_handle)
return share_handles_to_report
def get_raw_sockets(pid):
raw_sockets_to_report = []
raw_sockets = anomaly_search("handles", "\\\Device\\\RawIp", 'yes', '', "diff")
for raw_socket in raw_sockets:
if re.sub(' +', ' ', raw_socket).split(' ')[1] == pid:
raw_sockets_to_report.append(raw_socket)
return raw_sockets_to_report
def get_md5(pid):
md5 = ""
dump_folder = tmpfolder + str(pid) + "/"
filelist = os.listdir(dump_folder)
for f in filelist:
if f == "executable." + str(pid) + ".exe":
md5 = hashlib.md5(open(dump_folder + f).read()).hexdigest()
break
return md5
def report_virustotal_md5_results(md5, api):
url = "https://www.virustotal.com/vtapi/v2/file/report"
parameters = {"resource": md5, "apikey": api}
data = urllib.urlencode(parameters)
req = urllib2.Request(url, data)
response_dict = {}
network_error = False
try:
response = urllib2.urlopen(req)
json = response.read()
if json != "":
response_dict = simplejson.loads(json)
except urllib2.URLError:
network_error = True
if not network_error:
report.write("\n\nVirusTotal scan results:")
report.write("\n--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n")
report.write("MD5 value: " + md5 + "\n")
if "response_code" in response_dict:
if response_dict["response_code"] == 1:
report.write("VirusTotal scan date: " + str(response_dict["scan_date"]) + "\n")
report.write("VirusTotal engine detections: " + str(response_dict["positives"]) + "/" + str(response_dict["total"]) + "\n")
report.write("Link to VirusTotal report: " + str(response_dict["permalink"]) + "\n")
else:
report.write("Could not find VirusTotal scan results for the MD5 value above.\n")
else:
report.write("VirusTotal request rate limit reached, could not retrieve results.\n")
def main():
# PRINT VOLDIFF BANNER ================================================================
print_voldiff_banner()
global output_dir
global report
global tmpfolder
global profile
global baseline_memory_image
global infected_memory_image
global memory_image
# CHECK THAT VOL.PY IS INSTALLED ================================================================
if not check_volatility_path(path_to_volatility):
print("vol.py does not seem to be installed. Please ensure that volatility is installed/functional before using VolDiff.")
sys.exit()
# READ SYS.ARGV VARIABLES ================================================================
if not len(sys.argv) > 1:
print_help()
elif "--help" in sys.argv:
print_help()
elif "--version" in sys.argv:
print_version()
elif "--dependencies" in sys.argv:
print_dependencies()
if "--output-dir" in sys.argv:
check_enough_arguments_supplied(5)
else:
check_enough_arguments_supplied(3)
if os.path.isfile(sys.argv[2]):
mode = "dual"
if os.path.isfile(sys.argv[1]):
baseline_memory_image = sys.argv[1]
print ("Path to baseline memory image: %s" % baseline_memory_image)
else:
print ("Please specify a valid path to a baseline memory image.")