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satz6.htm
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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<link href="stíl.css" rel="stylesheet">
<link rel="icon" href="favicon.ico">
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="Author" content="Lars Bräsicke">
<meta name="GENERATOR" content="me fein">
<title>miscellaneous syntax</title>
</head>
<body text="#000000" bgcolor="#FFCC99" link="#0000EE" vlink="#551A8B" alink="#FF0000" background="bg524f.jpg">
<table width="100%" bgcolor="#FFCC99">
<tr>
<td nowrap>
<h1 id="oben"><span class="red">Caibidil a Trí Déag: Sentences and Syntax (Abairt agus Comhréir)</span></h1>
<h1><i class="red">Miscellaneous</i></h1>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<hr width="100%">
<table width="100%" bgcolor="#FFFFCC">
<tr>
<td valign="TOP">
<a href="#Runter mit dir">directional adverbs with le</a>
<br>
<a href="#Konjunktivsätze">subjunctive clauses</a></td>
</tr>
</table>
<h2 id="Runter mit dir"><i class="lightgreen">Clauses with directional adverbs and le</i></h2>
<p>The use of <a href="adverb.htm#richt">directional adverbs</a> as the imperative resembles the German or English: "Runter mit dir!"=<em>Down you go</em>, see the first example)
<br>
It may also be used as a normal sentence (in German this is less common, see 2nd and 3rd example)
<br>
<table width="100%" bgcolor="#FFFFCC">
<tr>
<td width="31%"><b><span class="red">directional adverb </span>
+ <span class="red">le</span>
+ <span class="blue">subject</span></b></td>
<td width="69%">Anuas leat! = Down with you!/Down you go!
<br>
Suas an crann leis agus .... = Up the tree with him and....
<br>
Síos an bóthar liom.... = I go down the street here...</td>
</tr>
</table>
<br>
Often, <a href="le.htm">le</a> is also used with verbs to emphasize the motion:
<br>
<i>D'imigh sí léi = She went away </i>. lit.: "left she with her ". <i>Imigh leat = Go away!/Get lost!</i>
<p>The use of directional adverbs as the imperative also allows the use of the imperative plural suffix -igí:
<br>
<i>síosaigí libh = down with ye!</i>
(also: sit down!)<br>
<h2 id="Konjunktivsätze"><i><span class="lightgreen">The subjunctive clause (an clásal foshuiteach)</span></i></h2>
<table width="100%" bgcolor="#FFFFCC">
<tr><td><b>affirmative</b>:</td>
<td><b class="red">Go </b>
+ subjunctive of the <b>verb</b>
+ <b class="blue">subject</b>
+ <b class="lilac">object</b></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><b>negative</b>:</td>
<td><b class="red">Nár</b>
+ subjunctive of the <b>verb</b>
+ <b class="blue">subject</b>
+ <b class="lilac">object</b></td>
</tr>
</table>
<p><b class="red">go</b> requires eclipsis, <b class="red">nár</b> lenition <br>
subjunctive clauses, that begin with go/nár, are used for wishes, curses, hopes etc.
<br>
They act as the optative.
<p>e.g.: <i>Go raibh maith agat = Thank you!</i> (lit.: "That may good be by you")
<br>
<i>Go n-éirí an bóthair leat = Good luck!</i> (lit.: "That rise the way with you!")
<br>
<i>Go dtaga do ríocht = Thy Kingdom come!</i> (lit.: "That may come your kingdom!")
<br>
<i>Nár laga Dia do lámh = May God not weaken your hand!</i> (lit.: "That-not weaken God your hand!")
<br>
<i>Nár lige Dia = God forbid!</i> (lit.: "That-not allow God ")
<p>Other uses of the subjunctive: see <a href="zeitform.htm#Konjunktiv">tenses</a>
<br>
<p><hr width="100%">
<center><a href="#oben" title="nach oben">suas</a>
<br>
<br>
<a href=".">Gramadach na Gaeilge</a>
<br>
<hr width="100%"><font size="-2">© <a href="https://braesicke.de/index.htm">Lars Bräsicke</a> 1999 / 2003</font></center>
<a href="https://github.com/cuplamilefocal/gnag">view on github</a>
<a href="https://braesicke.de/satz6.htm">view original German</a></body>
</html>