diff --git a/src/core/render.ts b/src/core/render.ts
index 32cacfa..864a08e 100644
--- a/src/core/render.ts
+++ b/src/core/render.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import { toNodeArr, HNode } from "./HNode";
-import { _document, _assign, _from } from "../utils/refCache";
+import { _document, _assign, _from, _create, _null } from "../utils/refCache";
 import { createStore, Store, StoreType, StoreHandlers, HandlerMap } from "./Store";
 import { toFrag } from "../utils/helpers";
 import { DeferCallback, reqTick, willTick } from "../ticker/ticker";
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ export interface RenderOptions<C extends Store = Store> {
 }
 
 export const renderToDOM = function render<C extends Store = Store>(
-    src: any, options: RenderOptions<C> = {}
+    src: any, options: RenderOptions<C> = _create(_null)
 ) {
 
     const { parent = _document.body,
diff --git a/src/utils/refCache.ts b/src/utils/refCache.ts
index 6602dcd..71c8923 100644
--- a/src/utils/refCache.ts
+++ b/src/utils/refCache.ts
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ export const _document = document,
     _console = console,
     { now: _now } = Date,
     _requestAnimationFrame = requestAnimationFrame,
-    { assign: _assign, is: _is, keys: _keys, entries: _entries } = _Object,
+    { assign: _assign, is: _is, keys: _keys, entries: _entries, create: _create } = _Object,
     { toString: _toString, hasOwnProperty: _hasOwnProperty } = _Object.prototype,
     { isArray: _isArray, from: _from } = _Array,
     { splice: _splice, push: _push, indexOf: _indexOf } = _Array.prototype,