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README
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-------------------------------------------------------------------
=========================================================
Geant4 - an Object-Oriented Toolkit for Simulation in HEP
=========================================================
Examples module
---------------
This module collects four sets of user examples aimed to demonstrate to
the user how to make correct use of the GEANT4 toolkit by implementing
in a correct way those user-classes which the user is supposed to
customize in order to define his/her own simulation setup.
The "basic" set of examples is oriented to novice users and covering
the most typical use-cases of a Geant4 application with keeping simplicity
and ease of use.
An "extended" set of examples may require some additional libraries besides
of Geant4. This set covers many specific use cases for actual detector
simulation.
An "advanced" set of examples covers the use-cases typical of a
"toolkit"-oriented kind of development, where real complete applications
for different simulation studies are provided; may require additional third
party products to be built.
Most of the examples can be run both in interactive and batch mode, and
input macro files (*.in) and reference output files (*.out) are provided.
See the detailed instructions how to build and how to run an example
in README.HowToRun and README.HowToRunTestEm1. Several tips how to run
an example in multi-threading mode can be found in README.HowToRunMT.
Basic and most of the extended examples are considered part of the
system testing suite for validation of the official releases of the
GEANT4 toolkit. Basic and some of the extended and advanced
examples are also used as "acceptance"-tests for the release process.
The previous set of examples oriented to novice users, "novice",
has been refactored in "basic" and "extended" examples sets in Geant4 10.0.
The source code of the last version of the original novice examples set
(in 9.6.p02 release) can be viewed in the Geant4 LXR code browser:
http://www-geant4.kek.jp/lxr/source/examples/novice/?v=9.6.p2
Old novice examples are now mapped as follows in the 10.0 release:
- N01 - removed
- N02 - basic/B2
- N03 - basic/B4
- N04 - extended/runAndEvent/RE05
- N05 - extended/parameterisations/Par01
- N06 - extended/optical/OpNovice
- N07 - extended/runAndEvent/RE06
Basic examples
ExampleB1
- Simple geometry with a few solids
- Scoring total dose in a selected volume user action classes
ExampleB2
- Simplified tracker geometry with global constant magnetic field
- Scoring within tracker via G4 sensitive detector and hits
- Started from novice/N02 example
ExampleB3
- Schematic Positron Emitted Tomography system
- Radioactive source
- Scoring within Crystals via G4 scorers
ExampleB4
- Simplified calorimeter with layers of two materials
- Scoring within layers in four ways: via user actions (a), via user own
object (b), via G4 sensitive detector and hits (c) and via scorers (d)
- Started from novice/N03 example
Extended level examples
analysis
- Histogramming through the AIDA interface
biasing
- Examples of event biasing, scoring and reverse-MC
common
- A set of common classes which can be reused in other examples demonstrating
just a particular feature
electromagnetic
- Specific EM physics simulation with histogramming
errorpropagation
- Use of the error propagation utility (Geant4e)
eventgenerator
- Applications using interface to HepMC
exoticphysics
- Exotic simulation applications (classical magnetic monopole, etc...)
field
- Specific simulation setups in magnetic field
g3tog3
- Examples of usage of the g3tog4 converter tool
geometry
- Specific geometry examples and tools: OLAP tool for detection
of overlapping geometries
hadronic
- Specific hadronic physics simulation with histogramming
medical
- Specific examples for medical physics applications
optical
- Examples of generic optical processes simulation setups
parallel
- Examples of event-level parallelism in Geant4 using either the
TOP-C library, Intel-TBB library or MPI technique
parameterisations
- Examples for fast shower parameterisations according to specific models
persistency
- Persistency of geometry (GDML or ASCII) and simulation output
polarisation
- Use of physics processes including polarization
radioactivedecay
- Examples to simulate the decays of radioactive isotopes and
induced radioactivity resulted from nuclear interactions
runAndEvent
- Examples to demonstrate how to connect the information between
primary particles and hits and utilize user-information classes
visualization
- Specific visualization features and graphical customisations
Advanced level examples
air_shower
- Simulation of the ULTRA detector for UV and charged particles
detection in cosmic rays
amsEcal
- Simplified AMS Ecal calorimeter structure
brachytherapy
- Setup for brachytherapy Ir-192 HDR source
ChargeExchangeMC
- Charge Exchange Monte Carlo
composite_calorimeter
- Test-beam simulation used in CMS against real data taken
in 1996 in a CMS Hadron calorimeter test-beam at LHC
dnageometry
- Setup of a realistic nucleus model of a cell, including chromosomes,
in combination with Geant4-DNA physics
eRosita
- Simplified eROSITA X-ray telescope setup for instrumental background
simulations for fluorescence measurements.
gammaknife
- Application specifically developed to simulate an advanced device for
Stereotactic Radiosurgery; reproduces a Leksell Gamma-Knife unit model C
gammaray_telescope
- Simulation of a typical telescope for gamma ray analysis
hadrontherapy
- Simulation of a hadron therapy beam line
human_phantom
- Anthropomorphic phantoms (male and female) based on MIRD/ORNL model
with geometry description derived from GDML persistent files
iort_therapy
- Application specifically developed to address typical needs related to
the Intra-Operative Radio-Therapy (IORT) technique
lAr_calorimeter
- Simulation of the Liquid Argon Calorimeter of the ATLAS
Detector at LHC
medical_linac
- Simulation of energy deposit in a Phantom filled with water
for a typical linac used for intensity modulated radiation therapy
microbeam
- Simulation of the cellular irradiation beam line installed on the AIFIRA
electrostatic accelerator facility located at CENBG, France
microelectronics
- Simulating tracks of a 5 MeV proton in silicon.
nanobeam
- Simulation of the beam optics of the nanobeam line installed on the AIFIRA
electrostatic accelerator facility located at CENBG, France.
purging_magnet
- Simulation of electrons traveling through a 3D magnetic field of a
strong purging magnet used for treatment head in a medical environment
radioprotection
- Modeling a simplified diamond microdosimeter for radioprotection
applications in space environments.
underground_physics
- Setup of an underground dark matter experiment
xray_fluorescence
- Test beam to characterize the response function of an
HPGe detector used to measure fluorescence emissions
xray_telescope
- Realistic simulation of an X-ray Telescope