forked from csswizardry/csswizardry.github.com
-
Notifications
You must be signed in to change notification settings - Fork 0
/
Copy pathgf-preconnect.html
731 lines (514 loc) · 59.9 KB
/
gf-preconnect.html
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en-GB" class="page page--home">
<head>
<script>performance.mark('HEAD Start');</script>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, minimum-scale=1.0">
<title>CSS Architecture and Performance Engineering – CSS Wizardry – Web Performance Optimisation</title>
<link rel="preload" as="style" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Roboto:ital,wght@0,400;0,700;1,400;1,700&display=swap" />
<link rel="preload" href="/img/css/masthead.6ddf08d9.jpg" as="image" media="(max-width: 44.9375em)">
<link rel="preload" href="/img/css/masthead-medium.12fb835e.jpg" as="image" media="(min-width: 45em) and (max-width: 63.9375em)">
<link rel="preload" href="/img/css/masthead-large.0510e3a2.jpg" as="image" media="(min-width: 64em)">
<link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com" crossorigin>
<link rel="preconnect" href="https://cdn.carbonads.com">
<link rel="preconnect" href="https://srv.carbonads.net">
<link rel="preconnect" href="https://cdn.syndication.twimg.com">
<link rel="preconnect" href="https://platform.twitter.com">
<link rel="preconnect" href="https://syndication.twitter.com">
<link rel="preconnect" href="https://csswizardry.com" crossorigin>
<link rel="preconnect" href="https://cdn.speedcurve.com">
<link rel="preconnect" href="https://www.google-analytics.com">
<link rel="preconnect" href="https://instant.page">
<script>
window.ga=window.ga||function(){(ga.q=ga.q||[]).push(arguments)};ga.l=+new Date;
ga('create', 'UA-1856861-4', {'siteSpeedSampleRate': 100});
ga('send', 'pageview');
</script>
<script>
LUX = window.LUX || {};
LUX.samplerate = 100;
LUX.label = 'Home';
</script>
<script>performance.mark('CSS Start');</script>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Roboto:ital,wght@0,400;0,700;1,400;1,700&display=swap" media="print" onload="this.media='all'" />
<style>
/*!
* inuitcss, by @csswizardry
*
* github.com/inuitcss | inuitcss.com
*//*! normalize.css v3.0.3 | MIT License | github.com/necolas/normalize.css
*/html{font-family:sans-serif;-ms-text-size-adjust:100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%}body{margin:0}article,aside,details,figcaption,figure,footer,header,hgroup,main,menu,nav,section,summary{display:block}audio,canvas,progress,video{display:inline-block;vertical-align:baseline}audio:not([controls]){display:none;height:0}[hidden],template{display:none}a{background-color:transparent}a:active,a:hover{outline:0}abbr[title]{border-bottom:1px
dotted}b,strong{font-weight:bold}dfn{font-style:italic}h1{font-size:2em;margin:0.67em
0}mark{background:#ff0;color:#000}small{font-size:80%}sub,sup{font-size:75%;line-height:0;position:relative;vertical-align:baseline}sup{top:-0.5em}sub{bottom:-0.25em}img{border:0}svg:not(:root){overflow:hidden}figure{margin:1em
40px}hr{box-sizing:content-box;height:0}pre{overflow:auto}code,kbd,pre,samp{font-family:monospace,
monospace;font-size:1em}button,input,optgroup,select,textarea{color:inherit;font:inherit;margin:0}button{overflow:visible}button,select{text-transform:none}button,html
input[type="button"],input[type="reset"],input[type="submit"]{-webkit-appearance:button;cursor:pointer}button[disabled],html
input[disabled]{cursor:default}button::-moz-focus-inner,input::-moz-focus-inner{border:0;padding:0}input{line-height:normal}input[type="checkbox"],input[type="radio"]{box-sizing:border-box;padding:0}input[type="number"]::-webkit-inner-spin-button,input[type="number"]::-webkit-outer-spin-button{height:auto}input[type="search"]{-webkit-appearance:textfield;box-sizing:content-box}input[type="search"]::-webkit-search-cancel-button,input[type="search"]::-webkit-search-decoration{-webkit-appearance:none}fieldset{border:1px
solid #c0c0c0;margin:0 2px;padding:0.35em 0.625em
0.75em}legend{border:0;padding:0}textarea{overflow:auto}optgroup{font-weight:bold}table{border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0}td,th{padding:0}body,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,p,blockquote,pre,dl,dd,ol,ul,form,fieldset,legend,figure,table,th,td,caption,hr{margin:0;padding:0}abbr[title],dfn[title]{cursor:help}u,ins{text-decoration:none}ins{border-bottom:1px
solid}html{-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;-moz-box-sizing:border-box;box-sizing:border-box}*,*:before,*:after{-webkit-box-sizing:inherit;-moz-box-sizing:inherit;box-sizing:inherit}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,ul,ol,dl,blockquote,p,address,hr,table,fieldset,figure,pre,details,[open]>summary,.page-head,.promo__block{margin-bottom:24px;margin-bottom:1.5rem}ul,ol,dd{margin-left:48px;margin-left:3rem}html{font-size:1em;line-height:1.5;background-color:#f9f9f9;color:#333;overflow-y:scroll;min-height:100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;-ms-text-size-adjust:100%;-moz-osx-font-smoothing:grayscale;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased}html{font-family:Roboto,system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI","Roboto","Oxygen","Ubuntu","Cantarell","Fira Sans","Droid Sans","Helvetica Neue",sans-serif;font-weight:400;scroll-behavior:smooth}h1,.alpha{font-size:36px;font-size:2.25rem;line-height:1.333333333}h2,.beta{font-size:30px;font-size:1.875rem;line-height:1.6}h3,.gamma{font-size:24px;font-size:1.5rem;line-height:1}h4,.delta{font-size:20px;font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.2}h5,.epsilon{font-size:16px;font-size:1rem;line-height:1.5}h6,.zeta{font-size:14px;font-size:.875rem;line-height:1.714285714}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-weight:400;color:#f43059}.heading{font-size:22px;font-size:1.375rem;line-height:1.090909091}.heading-sub{font-size:16px;font-size:1rem;line-height:1.5;font-weight:700;margin-bottom:0;color:#333}a,strong,b,dt{font-weight:700}code,kbd,samp{color:#859900;font-family:"Operator Mono", Inconsolata, Monaco, Consolas, "Andale Mono", "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace;font-style:normal;word-break:break-word}pre{white-space:pre;word-wrap:normal;overflow:auto;padding:12px;background-color:#333;border-radius:3px}@media screen and (min-width: 45em){pre{margin-right:-12px;margin-left:-12px}}pre,pre code,pre kbd,pre samp{color:#fff;word-break:keep-all}var{font-family:Hoefler Text, Georgia, serif;line-height:1;font-style:italic}@media screen and (min-width: 1380px){figure{margin-left:-128px}}figure>img{border-radius:3px}figcaption{font-size:12px;font-size:.75rem;line-height:2}@media screen and (min-width: 1380px){figcaption{margin-left:128px}}hr{border:none;border-bottom:1px solid #ddd;margin-bottom:23px}pre mark{background:none;border-bottom:1px solid;color:inherit}.text-banner{text-align:center}s,del{opacity:0.75}ins{border-bottom:none;background-color:#ffc}ol ol{list-style-type:lower-alpha}ol ol ol{list-style-type:lower-roman}ol ul{list-style-type:disc}a{text-decoration:none;color:#f43059;text-decoration-skip:ink}a:hover,a:active,a:focus{text-decoration:underline}.link-secret{color:inherit;font-weight:400}.link-secret:hover,.link-secret:active,.link-secret:focus{color:#f43059;text-decoration:none}li>ul,li>ol{margin-bottom:0}img{max-width:100%;font-style:italic;vertical-align:middle}img[width],img[height]{max-width:none}video{max-width:100%;vertical-align:middle}q{font-style:italic;quotes:"‘" "’" "“" "”"}q:before{content:open-quote}q:after{content:close-quote}blockquote{margin-right:48px;margin-left:48px;font-style:italic;quotes:"“" "”"}blockquote p{text-indent:-0.41em}blockquote p:before{content:open-quote}blockquote p:after{content:no-close-quote}blockquote p:last-of-type{margin-bottom:0}blockquote p:last-of-type:after{content:close-quote}blockquote q{quotes:"‘" "’"}blockquote q:before{content:open-quote}blockquote q:after{content:close-quote}label{font-size:12px;font-size:.75rem;line-height:2;font-weight:700;cursor:pointer}table{width:100%;font-size:12px;font-size:.75rem;line-height:2}th{font-weight:700;text-align:left}th,td{padding:6px}details+details{padding-top:24px;border-top:1px solid #ddd}summary{color:#f43059;font-weight:700;cursor:pointer;text-decoration:none}summary:hover,summary:focus,[open]>summary{text-decoration:underline}.wrapper{max-width:1100px;margin:0 auto;padding-right:12px;padding-left:12px}@media screen and (min-width: 45em){.wrapper{padding-right:24px;padding-left:24px}}.wrapper--wide{max-width:1280px}.btn{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;font:inherit;text-align:center;margin:0;cursor:pointer;overflow:visible;padding:10px 22px;background-color:#f43059;border:2px solid #f43059;border-radius:3px}.btn,.btn:hover,.btn:active,.btn:focus{text-decoration:none;color:#fff}.btn::-moz-focus-inner{border:0;padding:0}.btn--small{padding:4px 10px}.btn--full{width:100%}.layout{list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0;margin-left:-24px}.layout__item{display:inline-block;padding-left:24px;vertical-align:top;width:100%}.layout--large{margin-left:-48px}.layout--large>.layout__item{padding-left:48px}.layout--middle>.layout__item{vertical-align:middle}.layout--bottom>.layout__item{vertical-align:bottom}.box{display:block;padding:24px}.box>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.media{display:block}.media__img{float:left;margin-right:24px}.media__img>img{display:block}.media__body{overflow:hidden;display:block}.media__body,.media__body>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.flag{display:table;width:100%}.flag__img,.flag__body{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}.flag__img{padding-right:24px}.flag__img>img{display:block;max-width:none}.flag__body{width:100%}.flag__body,.flag__body>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.flag--rev{direction:rtl}.flag--rev>.flag__img,.flag--rev>.flag__body{direction:ltr}.flag--rev>.flag__img{padding-right:0;padding-left:24px}@media screen and (max-width: 479px){.flag--responsive{direction:ltr}.flag--responsive,.flag--responsive>.flag__img,.flag--responsive>.flag__body{display:block}.flag--responsive>.flag__img{padding-right:0;padding-left:0;margin-bottom:24px}}.flag__img{white-space:nowrap}.list-ui,.list-ui__item,.list-ui>li{border:0 solid #ddd}.list-ui{margin:0;padding:0;list-style:none;border-top-width:1px}.list-ui__item,.list-ui>li{padding:24px;border-bottom-width:1px}.list-ui--small>.list-ui__item,.list-ui.list-ui--small>li{padding:12px}.list-ui__title{display:block;font-size:12px;font-size:.75rem;line-height:2;font-weight:700;color:#999;margin-bottom:0}.page-head{border-style:solid;border-width:6px 0 1px;border-top-color:#f43059;border-bottom-color:#f2f2f2;padding-top:12px;padding-bottom:12px;background-color:#fff}@media screen and (min-width: 45em){.page-head{padding-top:24px;padding-bottom:24px}}@supports (position: sticky){@media screen and (min-height: 75em){.page-head{position:sticky;top:0;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.95);z-index:1}}}.band{padding-top:24px;padding-bottom:24px}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.band{padding-top:48px;padding-bottom:48px}}.band--large{padding:48px}.band--highlight{background-color:#fff}.band--tint{background-color:#f2f2f2}.band--dark{background-color:#333;color:#fff}.band--attention{background-color:#f43059;color:#fff}.promo{padding-bottom:0;text-align:center}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.promo{padding-bottom:24px}}.promo__links{text-align:center}@media screen and (min-width: 45em){.promo__links-spacer{padding-right:1.5em;padding-left:1.5em}}.page-foot{font-size:12px;font-size:.75rem;line-height:2;padding-bottom:0}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.page-foot{padding-bottom:24px}}.page-micro{background-color:#333;padding:12px;text-align:center}.page-micro,.page-micro a{color:#fff}.page-micro__copy{font-size:12px;font-size:.75rem;line-height:2;display:block}.page-head--masthead .site-nav{position:absolute;top:0;right:12px;left:12px}@media screen and (min-width: 45em){.page-head--masthead .site-nav{top:0;right:24px;left:24px}}.site-nav__home-link{display:block;float:left}.site-nav__logo{display:block}.site-nav__logo-fill{fill:#f43059}.page-head--masthead .site-nav__logo-fill{fill:#fff}.site-nav__open{font-size:12px;font-size:.75rem;line-height:2;font-family:sans-serif;text-transform:uppercase;float:right;line-height:64px}.site-nav__open:hover,.site-nav__open:focus{text-decoration:none}.site-nav__open:before{content:"☰ "}.page--home .site-nav__open{color:#fff}@media screen and (min-width: 45em){.site-nav__open{display:none}}.site-nav__target{position:fixed;top:0;left:0}.site-nav__list{margin:0;padding:0;list-style:none;position:fixed;top:6px;right:0;bottom:0;left:0;z-index:1;-webkit-transform:translateX(100%);-moz-transform:translateX(100%);-ms-transform:translateX(100%);-o-transform:translateX(100%);transform:translateX(100%);-webkit-transition:0.2s;-moz-transition:0.2s;-ms-transition:0.2s;-o-transition:0.2s;transition:0.2s;will-change:transform;background-color:#333}@supports (backdrop-filter: blur(5px)){.site-nav__list{background-color:rgba(51,51,51,0.8);backdrop-filter:blur(5px)}}.site-nav__target:target+.site-nav__list{-webkit-transform:none;-moz-transform:none;-ms-transform:none;-o-transform:none;transform:none}@media screen and (min-width: 45em){.site-nav__list{position:relative;top:auto;right:auto;bottom:auto;left:auto;float:right;background-color:transparent;overflow:visible;backdrop-filter:none;-webkit-transform:none;-moz-transform:none;-ms-transform:none;-o-transform:none;transform:none}}.site-nav__item{border-bottom:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.1)}.site-nav__item:last-child{border-bottom:none}@media screen and (min-width: 45em){.site-nav__item{position:relative;border-bottom:none;float:left}.site-nav__item.has-sub-menu>a{transition:0.2s}.site-nav__item.has-sub-menu:hover>a{transform:translateY(-2px)}.site-nav__sub-menu .site-nav__item{float:none}.site-nav__sub-menu .site-nav__item+.site-nav__item{border-top:1px solid #ddd}}@media screen and (min-width: 45em){.site-nav__item--close{display:none}}.site-nav__close{font-size:12px;font-size:.75rem;line-height:2;font-family:sans-serif;text-transform:uppercase;line-height:64px;text-align:right}.site-nav__close:hover,.site-nav__close:focus{text-decoration:none}.site-nav__close:after{content:" ×";font-size:18px;line-height:12px}.site-nav__sub-menu{list-style:none;margin-left:0;padding-left:24px}@media screen and (min-width: 45em){.site-nav__sub-menu{position:absolute;top:100%;left:50%;-webkit-transform:translateX(-50%) translateY(-10px);-moz-transform:translateX(-50%) translateY(-10px);-ms-transform:translateX(-50%) translateY(-10px);-o-transform:translateX(-50%) translateY(-10px);transform:translateX(-50%) translateY(-10px);z-index:1;padding-left:0;text-align:center;white-space:nowrap;background-color:#fff;border-radius:3px;border:1px solid #ddd;box-shadow:3px 3px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.1);visibility:hidden;opacity:0;transition:0.333s}.site-nav__item:hover .site-nav__sub-menu{opacity:1;visibility:visible;will-change:opacity;-webkit-transform:translateX(-50%) translateY(0);-moz-transform:translateX(-50%) translateY(0);-ms-transform:translateX(-50%) translateY(0);-o-transform:translateX(-50%) translateY(0);transform:translateX(-50%) translateY(0)}.site-nav__sub-menu:before,.site-nav__sub-menu:after{content:"";position:absolute;bottom:100%;left:50%}.site-nav__sub-menu:before{border:12px solid transparent;border-bottom-color:#ddd;margin-left:-12px}.site-nav__sub-menu:after{border:11px solid transparent;border-bottom-color:#fff;margin-left:-11px}}.site-nav__link{display:block;padding:12px;color:#fff}.site-nav__link:hover,.site-nav__link:active,.site-nav__link:focus{text-decoration:none;color:#f43059}@media screen and (min-width: 45em){.site-nav__link{line-height:64px;color:#333;padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0}}.page-head--masthead .site-nav__link,.page-head--masthead .site-nav__link:hover,.page-head--masthead .site-nav__link:active,.page-head--masthead .site-nav__link:focus{color:#fff}.page-head--masthead .site-nav__link:hover,.page-head--masthead .site-nav__link:active,.page-head--masthead .site-nav__link:focus{text-decoration:underline}.page--about .site-nav__about,.page--case-studies .site-nav__case-studies,.page--services .site-nav__services,.page--contact .site-nav__contact{color:#f43059}@media screen and (min-width: 45em){.page--about .site-nav__about,.page--case-studies .site-nav__case-studies,.page--services .site-nav__services,.page--contact .site-nav__contact{position:relative}.page--about .site-nav__about:before,.page--case-studies .site-nav__case-studies:before,.page--services .site-nav__services:before,.page--contact .site-nav__contact:before,.page--about .site-nav__about:after,.page--case-studies .site-nav__case-studies:after,.page--services .site-nav__services:after,.page--contact .site-nav__contact:after{content:"";position:absolute;left:50%;pointer-events:none;border-style:solid;border-color:transparent}.page--about .site-nav__about:before,.page--case-studies .site-nav__case-studies:before,.page--services .site-nav__services:before,.page--contact .site-nav__contact:before{border-width:12px;border-bottom-color:#f2f2f2;margin-left:-12px;bottom:-24px}.page--about .site-nav__about:after,.page--case-studies .site-nav__case-studies:after,.page--services .site-nav__services:after,.page--contact .site-nav__contact:after{border-width:11px;border-bottom-color:#f9f9f9;margin-left:-11px;bottom:-25px}}.page--workshops .site-nav__workshops,.page--code-reviews .site-nav__code-reviews,.page--consultancy .site-nav__consultancy,.page--speaking .site-nav__speaking,.page--downloads .site-nav__downloads{text-decoration:underline}.page--home .site-nav__home{text-decoration:underline}.site-nav__sub-link{display:block;padding:12px;color:#fff}.site-nav__sub-link:hover,.site-nav__sub-link:active,.site-nav__sub-link:focus{text-decoration:underline}@media screen and (min-width: 45em){.site-nav__sub-link{font-weight:400;color:#333}.site-nav__sub-link:hover,.site-nav__sub-link:active,.site-nav__sub-link:focus{text-decoration:none;color:#f43059}}.c-nav-secondary{margin-left:0;list-style:none;display:table;table-layout:fixed;width:100%;text-align:center;font-size:12px;font-size:.75rem;line-height:1.833333333;border:1px solid #999;border-radius:3px}.c-nav-secondary__item{display:table-cell}.c-nav-secondary__item+.c-nav-secondary__item{border-left:1px solid #999}.c-nav-secondary__link{display:block;padding-top:12px;padding-bottom:12px;color:#333}.c-nav-secondary__link.is-current{color:#fff;background-color:#999;text-decoration:none;cursor:default;pointer-events:none}.btn{font-weight:700;-webkit-transition:0.2s;-moz-transition:0.2s;transition:0.2s;position:relative;will-change:transform}.btn:hover,.btn:active,.btn:focus{background-color:#e50c39;border-color:#e50c39;transform:translateY(-1px)}.btn::before{content:"";position:absolute;top:0;right:0;bottom:0;left:0;box-shadow:0 4px 0 #000;opacity:0;will-change:opacity}.btn:hover::before,.btn:active::before,.btn:focus::before{opacity:0.1}.btn--secondary{background:none;color:#f43059}.btn--secondary:hover,.btn--secondary:active,.btn--secondary:focus{background:none;color:#e50c39}.btn--positive{font-weight:400}.btn--positive,.btn--positive:hover,.btn--positive:active,.btn--positive:focus{background-color:#3f990f;border-color:#3f990f}.btn--negative{font-weight:400}.btn--negative,.btn--negative:hover,.btn--negative:active,.btn--negative:focus{background-color:#9f102e;border-color:#9f102e}.box{border-radius:3px}.box--highlight{background-color:#fff;border-bottom:1px solid #ddd}.box--tint{background-color:#f2f2f2}.post__date{display:block;color:#999;margin-bottom:0}.post__title{margin-bottom:0}.post__title>a{font-weight:400}.pull-quote{font-size:20px;font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.2;color:#666;padding-left:12px;border-left:12px solid #f43059;border-radius:3px;margin-right:0;margin-left:0}@media screen and (min-width: 45em){.pull-quote{margin-left:-24px}}.pull-quote__source{font-style:normal}.pull-quote--banner{max-width:27em;padding:0 12px;text-indent:0;border-left:none;margin:0 auto;color:#333;font-style:normal}@media screen and (min-width: 45em){.pull-quote--banner{font-size:32px;font-size:2rem;line-height:1.4}}@media screen and (min-width: 45em){.pull-quote--context{width:50%;float:left;margin-right:24px;padding-right:12px;padding-left:0;border-right:12px solid #f43059;border-left:none;text-align:right}}@media screen and (min-width: 45em){.pull-quote--context-alt{width:50%;float:right;margin-left:24px}}.annotate{position:relative}.annotate__image{display:block;border-radius:3px}.annotate__list{list-style:none;margin:0;position:absolute;top:0;right:0;bottom:0;left:0}.annotate__item{position:absolute;width:5%;height:5%;overflow:hidden;white-space:nowrap;text-indent:100%;cursor:help;border-width:2px;border-style:solid;border-color:transparent;border-radius:3px;-webkit-transition:0.2s;-moz-transition:0.2s;transition:0.2s}.annotate:hover .annotate__item{border-color:#ccc;border-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.5)}.annotate:hover .annotate__item:hover{z-index:1;border-color:#fff}.annotate__caption{position:relative;z-index:1}.carbon-wrap{display:block;text-align:center}.carbon-img{display:block;margin-bottom:6px}.carbon-img>img{border-radius:3px}.carbon-img:hover+.carbon-text{text-decoration:underline}.carbon-text{overflow:hidden;display:block;color:#666}.carbon-poweredby{display:block;text-align:center;font-size:12px;font-size:.75rem;line-height:2;text-transform:uppercase;color:#999;letter-spacing:0.01em}.c-label{display:block}.c-input-text{border:2px solid #ddd;min-width:25ch;outline:none;transition:border-color 0.2s;padding:11px 6px;vertical-align:middle;border-radius:3px}.c-input-text:active,.c-input-text:focus{border-color:#f43059}.c-newsletter{text-align:center}.c-newsletter__title{font-size:16px;font-size:1rem;line-height:1.5;font-weight:700;color:inherit;margin-bottom:0}.c-newsletter__text{font-size:12px;font-size:.75rem;line-height:2}.c-newsletter__email{width:100%;margin-bottom:24px;text-align:center}@media screen and (min-width: 45em){.c-newsletter__email{width:auto;margin-bottom:0;min-width:40ch}}.c-newsletter__submit{width:100%}@media screen and (min-width: 45em){.c-newsletter__submit{width:auto}}.c-video{position:relative;padding-bottom:56.25%}@media screen and (min-width: 1380px){.c-video{padding-bottom:75%}}.c-video__media{position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%}.footnotes{font-size:12px;font-size:.75rem;line-height:2}.footnotes p{margin-bottom:0}.twitter-tweet-rendered{margin-top:0 !important;margin-right:auto;margin-bottom:24px !important;margin-left:auto}.c-youtube-embed{max-width:100%}.c-youtube-embed,.c-spotify-embed{display:block;margin-right:auto;margin-bottom:24px;margin-left:auto}.s-post thead{border-bottom:2px solid #ddd}.s-post tbody tr:nth-of-type(even){background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.05)}.s-post iframe{max-width:100%;width:100%;border:none;margin-bottom:24px}.s-post :target{background-color:#ffc}.clearfix:after,.box:after,.media:after,.site-nav:after{content:"";display:table;clear:both}.one-whole{width:100% !important}.one-half,.two-quarters,.three-sixths,.four-eighths,.five-tenths,.six-twelfths{width:50% !important}.one-third,.two-sixths,.three-ninths,.four-twelfths{width:33.3333333% !important}.two-thirds,.four-sixths,.six-ninths,.eight-twelfths{width:66.6666666% !important}.one-quarter,.two-eighths,.three-twelfths{width:25% !important}.three-quarters,.six-eighths,.nine-twelfths{width:75% !important}.one-fifth,.two-tenths{width:20% !important}.two-fifths,.four-tenths{width:40% !important}.three-fifths,.six-tenths{width:60% !important}.four-fifths,.eight-tenths{width:80% !important}.one-sixth,.two-twelfths{width:16.6666666% !important}.five-sixths,.ten-twelfths{width:83.3333333% !important}.one-eighth{width:12.5% !important}.three-eighths{width:37.5% !important}.five-eighths{width:62.5% !important}.seven-eighths{width:87.5% !important}.one-ninth{width:11.1111111% !important}.two-ninths{width:22.2222222% !important}.four-ninths{width:44.4444444% !important}.five-ninths{width:55.5555555% !important}.seven-ninths{width:77.7777777% !important}.eight-ninths{width:88.8888888% !important}.one-tenth{width:10% !important}.three-tenths{width:30% !important}.seven-tenths{width:70% !important}.nine-tenths{width:90% !important}.one-twelfth{width:8.3333333% !important}.five-twelfths{width:41.6666666% !important}.seven-twelfths{width:58.3333333% !important}.eleven-twelfths{width:91.6666666% !important}@media screen and (min-width: 45em){.lap-and-up-one-half{width:50%}.lap-and-up-one-quarter{width:25%}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.desk-one-third{width:33.333333333%}.desk-two-thirds{width:66.666666666%}.desk-three-fifths{width:60%}.desk-three-tenths{width:30%}.desk-push-one-tenth{position:relative;left:10%}}.m{margin:24px !important}.mt{margin-top:24px !important}.mr{margin-right:24px !important}.mb{margin-bottom:24px !important}.ml{margin-left:24px !important}.mh{margin-right:24px !important;margin-left:24px !important}.mv{margin-top:24px !important;margin-bottom:24px !important}.m\+\+{margin:96px !important}.mt\+\+{margin-top:96px !important}.mr\+\+{margin-right:96px !important}.mb\+\+{margin-bottom:96px !important}.ml\+\+{margin-left:96px !important}.mh\+\+{margin-right:96px !important;margin-left:96px !important}.mv\+\+{margin-top:96px !important;margin-bottom:96px !important}.m0{margin:0 !important}.mt0{margin-top:0 !important}.mr0{margin-right:0 !important}.mb0{margin-bottom:0 !important}.ml0{margin-left:0 !important}.mh0{margin-right:0 !important;margin-left:0 !important}.mv0{margin-top:0 !important;margin-bottom:0 !important}.hide{position:absolute !important;height:1px;width:1px;overflow:hidden;clip:rect(1px 1px 1px 1px);clip:rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px)}@media screen and (max-width: 44.9375em){.hide-palm{position:absolute !important;height:1px;width:1px;overflow:hidden;clip:rect(1px 1px 1px 1px);clip:rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px)}}@media screen and (min-width: 45em) and (max-width: 63.9375em){.hide-lap{position:absolute !important;height:1px;width:1px;overflow:hidden;clip:rect(1px 1px 1px 1px);clip:rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px)}}@media screen and (min-width: 45em){.hide-lap-and-up{position:absolute !important;height:1px;width:1px;overflow:hidden;clip:rect(1px 1px 1px 1px);clip:rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px)}}@media screen and (max-width: 63.9375em){.hide-portable{position:absolute !important;height:1px;width:1px;overflow:hidden;clip:rect(1px 1px 1px 1px);clip:rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px)}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.hide-desk{position:absolute !important;height:1px;width:1px;overflow:hidden;clip:rect(1px 1px 1px 1px);clip:rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px)}}::selection{color:#fff;background-color:#f43059}::-moz-selection{color:#fff;background-color:#f43059}.u-text-prominent{font-size:22px;font-size:1.375rem;line-height:1.090909091;font-weight:700;text-align:center}
</style>
<script>performance.mark('CSS End');</script>
<script src="https://www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js" async></script>
<script src="https://cdn.speedcurve.com/js/lux.js?id=47684395" defer></script>
<script src="https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js" defer></script>
<meta name="twitter:card" content="summary">
<meta name="twitter:site" content="@csswizardry">
<meta name="twitter:domain" content="csswizardry.com">
<meta name="twitter:creator" content="@csswizardry">
<meta name="twitter:title" content="CSS Architecture and Performance Engineering – CSS Wizardry">
<meta name="twitter:image" content="https://csswizardry.com/logo.png">
<meta name="twitter:description" content="Articles on CSS, OOCSS, front-end architecture, scalability and performance.">
<link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" href="https://feeds.feedburner.com/csswizardry">
<link rel="shortcut icon" href="/icon.png">
<link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/icon.png">
<meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-title" content="csswizardry">
<meta name="description" content="Articles on CSS, OOCSS, front-end architecture, scalability and performance.">
<link rel="canonical" href="http://localhost:4000/">
<meta name="theme-color" content="#f43059">
<link rel="manifest" href="/manifest.json">
<script>
performance.mark('HEAD End');
</script>
</head>
<body>
<style>
/*!
* inuitcss, by @csswizardry
*
* github.com/inuitcss | inuitcss.com
*/.page-head--masthead{--copyright: 'Marin Cuk Vurnek EVENTography';margin-bottom:0;position:static;background-color:#2e2620;background-image:url(/img/css/masthead.6ddf08d9.jpg),url(data:image/jpeg;base64,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);background-position:center 25%;-webkit-background-size:cover;-moz-background-size:cover;background-size:cover;color:#fff;border-top-color:#fff;border-bottom-width:0;box-shadow:0 0 10px rgba(0,0,0,0.1) inset}@media screen and (min-width: 45em){.page-head--masthead{background-image:url(/img/css/masthead-medium.12fb835e.jpg),url(data:image/jpeg;base64,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)}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.page-head--masthead{background-image:url(/img/css/masthead-large.0510e3a2.jpg),url(data:image/jpeg;base64,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)}}.page-head--masthead>.wrapper{position:relative;padding-top:56.25%}@media screen and (min-width: 758px){.page-head--masthead>.wrapper{padding-top:0;height:426px}}.page-head__text{margin:0;position:absolute;bottom:0;left:auto;color:#fff;font-size:24px;font-size:1.5rem;line-height:1}@media screen and (min-width: 45em){.page-head__text{font-size:48px;font-size:3rem;line-height:1}}@media screen and (min-width: 64em){.page-head__text{font-size:72px;font-size:4.5rem;line-height:1}}
</style>
<header class="page-head page-head--masthead">
<div class="wrapper">
<nav class="site-nav" data-sctrack="site-nav">
<a href="/" class="site-nav__home-link" data-sctrack="logo">
<svg class="site-nav__logo" width="64" height="64" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><title>CSS Wizardry</title><path d="M.234 44.003v-41.002c0-1.664 1.344-3.001 3.001-3.001h57.998c1.664 0 3.001 1.344 3.001 3.001v39.536c-1.803-1.102-3.911-1.653-6.324-1.653-3.356 0-5.9.788-7.632 2.363-1.732 1.576-2.598 3.554-2.598 5.936 0 2.61.896 4.528 2.688 5.755 1.058.734 2.971 1.413 5.737 2.039l2.814.631c1.648.361 2.857.776 3.626 1.245.77.481 1.155 1.161 1.155 2.039 0 1.503-.776 2.532-2.327 3.085l-.063.022-.078.001h-5.853c-.773-.274-1.385-.684-1.836-1.232-.493-.601-.824-1.509-.992-2.724h-5.304c0 1.491.288 2.809.864 3.956h-4.483c.524-1.058.786-2.232.786-3.523 0-2.369-.794-4.18-2.381-5.43-1.022-.806-2.538-1.449-4.546-1.93l-4.583-1.101c-1.768-.421-2.923-.788-3.464-1.101-.842-.469-1.263-1.179-1.263-2.129 0-1.034.427-1.84 1.281-2.418.854-.577 1.997-.866 3.428-.866 1.287 0 2.363.223 3.229.668 1.299.674 1.997 1.81 2.093 3.41h5.34c-.096-2.827-1.134-4.982-3.112-6.468-1.979-1.485-4.369-2.228-7.172-2.228-3.356 0-5.9.788-7.632 2.363-1.732 1.576-2.598 3.554-2.598 5.936 0 2.61.896 4.528 2.688 5.755 1.058.734 2.971 1.413 5.737 2.039l2.814.631c1.648.361 2.857.776 3.626 1.245.77.481 1.155 1.161 1.155 2.039 0 1.503-.776 2.532-2.327 3.085l-.066.023h-5.928c-.773-.274-1.385-.684-1.836-1.232-.493-.601-.824-1.509-.992-2.724h-5.304c0 1.491.288 2.809.864 3.956h-5.604c.887-1.39 1.481-2.991 1.781-4.804h-5.503c-.373 1.371-.842 2.4-1.407 3.085-.697.869-1.609 1.442-2.736 1.719h-3.314c-1.201-.309-2.236-.987-3.106-2.034-1.233-1.485-1.849-3.72-1.849-6.702 0-2.983.583-5.289 1.75-6.919s2.76-2.445 4.781-2.445c1.985 0 3.482.577 4.492 1.732.565.649 1.028 1.612 1.389 2.887h5.557c-.084-1.66-.698-3.314-1.84-4.961-2.069-2.935-5.34-4.402-9.815-4.402-3.114 0-5.717.949-7.809 2.848zm64 9.742v-4.165h-1.381c-.096-1.6-.794-2.736-2.093-3.41-.866-.445-1.942-.668-3.229-.668-1.431 0-2.574.289-3.428.866-.854.577-1.281 1.383-1.281 2.418 0 .95.421 1.66 1.263 2.129.541.313 1.696.68 3.464 1.101l4.583 1.101c.774.185 1.475.395 2.103.629z" fill="#f43059" class="site-nav__logo-fill"/></svg>
</a>
<a href="#trigger:nav" class="site-nav__open" data-sctrack="hamburger">Menu</a>
<a class="site-nav__target" id="trigger:nav"></a>
<ul class="site-nav__list">
<li class="site-nav__item site-nav__item--close"><a href="#0" class="site-nav__link site-nav__close">Close</a></li>
<li class="site-nav__item"><a href="/" class="site-nav__link site-nav__home">Home</a></li>
<li class="site-nav__item"><a href="/about/" class="site-nav__link site-nav__about">About</a></li>
<li class="site-nav__item has-sub-menu"> <a href="/services/" class="site-nav__link site-nav__services">Services</a>
<ul class="site-nav__sub-menu">
<li class="site-nav__item"><a href="/workshops/" class="site-nav__sub-link site-nav__workshops">Workshops and Training</a></li>
<li class="site-nav__item"><a href="/consultancy/" class="site-nav__sub-link site-nav__consultancy">Consultancy</a></li>
<li class="site-nav__item"><a href="/speaking/" class="site-nav__sub-link site-nav__speaking">Speaking</a></li>
<li class="site-nav__item"><a href="/code-reviews/" class="site-nav__sub-link site-nav__code-reviews">Performance Audits</a></li>
<li class="site-nav__item"><a href="/downloads/" class="site-nav__sub-link site-nav__downloads">Downloads</a></li>
<li class="site-nav__item"><a href="/mentoring/" class="site-nav__sub-link site-nav__mentoring">Mentoring</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="site-nav__item"><a href="/case-studies/" class="site-nav__link site-nav__case-studies">Case Studies</a></li>
<!-- <li class="site-nav__item"><a href="https://csswizardry.com/services/" class="site-nav__link site-nav__hire-me">Hire Me</a></li> -->
<li class="site-nav__item"><a href="/contact/" class="site-nav__link site-nav__contact">Contact</a></li>
</ul>
</nav>
<h1 class="page-head__text" elementtiming="masthead-title">Web Performance Optimisation, Consultancy, and Engineering</h1>
</div>
</header>
<div class="wrapper">
<!--
- Jump straight back out of wrapper mode on the home page.
-->
</div><!-- /wrapper -->
<section class="[ band band--highlight ] promo">
<div class="wrapper wrapper--wide">
<ul class="layout layout--large">
<li class="layout__item desk-one-third">
<h2 class="heading">Audits</h2>
<p><strong style="display: block;">Your website is too slow and I know
why.</strong> Web performance is big business for any industry: from
recouping lost sales to increasing conversions; reducing running costs
to user retention; better SEO to lowering your environmental impact.
Let’s work together to identify and fix your blind-spots.</p>
<li class="layout__item lap-and-up-one-half desk-one-third">
<h2 class="heading">Consultancy</h2>
<p><strong style="display: block;">What is your web performance
strategy?</strong> How much does a 1s slowdown cost you? How do you
measure its impact? Is your monitoring effective or even appropriate?
How much is web performance worth to your bottom line? Together, we can
work out answers to all of those questions and more.</p>
<li class="layout__item lap-and-up-one-half desk-one-third">
<h2 class="heading">Training</h2>
<p><strong style="display: block;">What’s better than one of me? A team
of me.</strong> Let me show your engineers how to find and fix all of
the things that I can. Get your team self-sufficient, equipped with all
of the right tools and knowledge to be your own in-house web performance
experts. Never run slowly again.</p>
<li class="layout__item">
<p class="promo__links">
<a href="/services/?ref=cta-promo-home" class="btn btn--secondary">Learn more <span class="hide">about my services</span></a>
<span class="promo__links-spacer">or</span>
<a href="/contact/?ref=cta-promo-home" class="btn">Hire me</a>
</p>
</ul>
</div>
</section>
<style>
/*!
* inuitcss, by @csswizardry
*
* github.com/inuitcss | inuitcss.com
*/.client-list-title{text-align:center;font-size:16px;font-size:1rem;line-height:1.5;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:0.1em;color:#fcc1ce;-webkit-font-smoothing:auto}.client-list{margin:0;padding:0;list-style:none;text-align:center}.client-list__item{display:inline-block;padding:12px}@media screen and (min-width: 45em){.client-list__item{padding:24px}}.client-list__logo{background-color:#fcc1ce;height:24px;transition:0.2s}.client-list__logo:hover{background-color:#f9f9f9}@media screen and (min-width: 45em){.client-list__logo{height:48px}}
/*# sourceMappingURL=components.client-list.css.map */
</style>
<section class="band band--attention" id="section:clients" data-ui-component="Clients">
<div class="wrapper wrapper--wide">
<h3 class="client-list-title">Trusted by:</h3>
<ul class="client-list">
<li class="client-list__item">
<a href="http://www.un.org/"><img src="/img/content/clients/un.png" class="client-list__logo" alt="United Nations" loading="lazy" /></a>
</li>
<li class="client-list__item">
<a href="http://www.ge.com/"><img src="/img/content/clients/ge.png" class="client-list__logo" alt="General Electric" loading="lazy" /></a>
</li>
<li class="client-list__item">
<a href="https://www.adobe.com/"><img src="/img/content/clients/adobe.png" class="client-list__logo" alt="Adobe" loading="lazy" /></a>
</li>
<li class="client-list__item">
<a href="https://www.codeclub.org.uk/"><img src="/img/content/clients/code-club.png" class="client-list__logo" alt="Code Club" loading="lazy" /></a>
</li>
<li class="client-list__item">
<a href="http://www.unilever.com/"><img src="/img/content/clients/unilever.png" class="client-list__logo" alt="Unilever" loading="lazy" /></a>
</li>
<li class="client-list__item">
<a href="https://www.raspberrypi.org/"><img src="/img/content/clients/raspberry-pi.png" class="client-list__logo" alt="Raspberry Pi" loading="lazy" /></a>
</li>
<li class="client-list__item">
<a href="https://www.icaew.com/"><img src="/img/content/clients/icaew.png" class="client-list__logo" alt="ICAEW" loading="lazy" /></a>
</li>
<li class="client-list__item">
<a href="https://www.elsevier.com/"><img src="/img/content/clients/elsevier.png" class="client-list__logo" alt="Elsevier" loading="lazy" /></a>
</li>
<li class="client-list__item">
<a href="https://www.ui.com/"><img src="/img/content/clients/ubiquiti.png" class="client-list__logo" alt="Ubiquiti" loading="lazy" /></a>
</li>
<li class="client-list__item">
<a href="http://www.ft.com/"><img src="/img/content/clients/ft.png" class="client-list__logo" alt="Financial Times" loading="lazy" /></a>
</li>
<li class="client-list__item">
<a href="https://www.ocado.com/"><img src="/img/content/clients/ocado.png" class="client-list__logo" alt="Ocado" loading="lazy" /></a>
</li>
<li class="client-list__item">
<a href="http://www.uefa.com/"><img src="/img/content/clients/uefa.png" class="client-list__logo" alt="UEFA" loading="lazy" /></a>
</li>
<li class="client-list__item">
<a href="http://ring.com/"><img src="/img/content/clients/ring.png" class="client-list__logo" alt="Ring" loading="lazy" /></a>
</li>
<li class="client-list__item">
<a href="http://www.roche.com/"><img src="/img/content/clients/roche.png" class="client-list__logo" alt="Roche" loading="lazy" /></a>
</li>
<li class="client-list__item">
<a href="http://www.sky.com/"><img src="/img/content/clients/sky.png" class="client-list__logo" alt="BSkyB" loading="lazy" /></a>
</li>
<li class="client-list__item">
<a href="http://www.nhs.uk/"><img src="/img/content/clients/nhs.png" class="client-list__logo" alt="NHS" loading="lazy" /></a>
</li>
<li class="client-list__item">
<a href="http://fico.com/"><img src="/img/content/clients/fico.png" class="client-list__logo" alt="FICO" loading="lazy" /></a>
</li>
<li class="client-list__item">
<a href="https://www.google.com/"><img src="/img/content/clients/google.png" class="client-list__logo" alt="Google" loading="lazy" /></a>
</li>
<li class="client-list__item">
<a href="https://www.etsy.com/"><img src="/img/content/clients/etsy.png" class="client-list__logo" alt="Etsy" loading="lazy" /></a>
</li>
<li class="client-list__item">
<a href="https://www.shopify.com/"><img src="/img/content/clients/shopify.png" class="client-list__logo" alt="Shopify" loading="lazy" /></a>
</li>
<li class="client-list__item">
<a href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/"><img src="/img/content/clients/bbc.png" class="client-list__logo" alt="BBC" loading="lazy" /></a>
</li>
<li class="client-list__item">
<a href="http://www2.mmu.ac.uk/"><img src="/img/content/clients/mmu.png" class="client-list__logo" alt="Manchester Metropolitan University" loading="lazy" /></a>
</li>
<li class="client-list__item">
<a href="https://www.york.ac.uk/"><img src="/img/content/clients/uni-of-york.png" class="client-list__logo" alt="University of York" loading="lazy" /></a>
</li>
<li class="client-list__item">
<a href="http://www.ed.ac.uk/"><img src="/img/content/clients/uni-of-edinburgh.png" class="client-list__logo" alt="University of Edinburgh" loading="lazy" /></a>
</li>
<li class="client-list__item">
<a href="https://www.williamhill.com"><img src="/img/content/clients/william-hill.png" class="client-list__logo" alt="William Hill" loading="lazy" /></a>
</li>
<li class="client-list__item">
<a href="http://www.typeform.com/"><img src="/img/content/clients/typeform.png" class="client-list__logo" alt="Typeform" loading="lazy" /></a>
</li>
<li class="client-list__item">
<a href="http://www.hayu.com/"><img src="/img/content/clients/hayu.png" class="client-list__logo" alt="Hayu" loading="lazy" /></a>
</li>
<li class="client-list__item">
<a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/iplayer/"><img src="/img/content/clients/iplayer.png" class="client-list__logo" alt="BBC iPlayer" loading="lazy" /></a>
</li>
<li class="client-list__item">
<a href="https://www.vitamix.com/"><img src="/img/content/clients/vitamix.png" class="client-list__logo" alt="Vitamix" loading="lazy" /></a>
</li>
<li class="client-list__item">
<a href="http://www.booking.com/"><img src="/img/content/clients/booking.com.png" class="client-list__logo" alt="Booking.com" loading="lazy" /></a>
</li>
<li class="client-list__item">
<a href="https://www.squarespace.com/"><img src="/img/content/clients/squarespace.png" class="client-list__logo" alt="Squarespace" loading="lazy" /></a>
</li>
<li class="client-list__item">
<a href="https://www.thetrainline.com/"><img src="/img/content/clients/trainline.png" class="client-list__logo" alt="Trainline" loading="lazy" /></a>
</li>
<li class="client-list__item">
<a href="http://www2.deloitte.com/"><img src="/img/content/clients/deloitte.png" class="client-list__logo" alt="Deloitte" loading="lazy" /></a>
</li>
<li class="client-list__item">
<a href="https://www.welt.de/"><img src="/img/content/clients/die-welt.png" class="client-list__logo" alt="Die Welt" loading="lazy" /></a>
</li>
<li class="client-list__item">
<a href="https://www.justgiving.com/"><img src="/img/content/clients/justgiving.png" class="client-list__logo" alt="JustGiving" loading="lazy" /></a>
</li>
<li class="client-list__item">
<a href="https://canonical.com"><img src="/img/content/clients/canonical.png" class="client-list__logo" alt="Canonical" loading="lazy" /></a>
</li>
<li class="client-list__item">
<a href="http://www.hired.com/"><img src="/img/content/clients/hired.png" class="client-list__logo" alt="Hired" loading="lazy" /></a>
</li>
<li class="client-list__item">
<a href="http://direct.matalan.co.uk/"><img src="/img/content/clients/matalan.png" class="client-list__logo" alt="Matalan" loading="lazy" /></a>
</li>
<li class="client-list__item">
<a href="https://www.kickstarter.com/"><img src="/img/content/clients/kickstarter.png" class="client-list__logo" alt="Kickstarter" loading="lazy" /></a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</section>
<style>
/*!
* inuitcss, by @csswizardry
*
* github.com/inuitcss | inuitcss.com
*/.carousel{overflow:hidden;width:100%;text-align:center}.carousel__panes{margin:0;padding:0;list-style:none;position:relative;display:table;width:500%;overflow:hidden;-webkit-filter:blur(0);-moz-filter:blur(0);filter:blur(0);-webkit-animation:carousel 45s alternate infinite cubic-bezier(0.6, 0, 0.14, 1);-moz-animation:carousel 45s alternate infinite cubic-bezier(0.6, 0, 0.14, 1);animation:carousel 45s alternate infinite cubic-bezier(0.6, 0, 0.14, 1)}.carousel__panes:hover{-webkit-animation-play-state:paused;-moz-animation-play-state:paused;animation-play-state:paused}.carousel__pane{position:relative;display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle;width:20%}.carousel__link{color:inherit;border-bottom:1px solid #ddd;font-weight:400;-webkit-transition:0.2s border-color;-moz-transition:0.2s border-color;transition:0.2s border-color}.carousel__link:hover,.carousel__link:active,.carousel__link:focus{text-decoration:none;border-bottom-color:#c4c4c4}@-webkit-keyframes carousel{0%,
17.5%{-webkit-transform:translate3d(0, 0, 0);-webkit-filter:blur(0)}20.625%,
38.125%{-webkit-transform:translate3d(-20%, 0, 0);-webkit-filter:blur(0)}41.25%,
58.75%{-webkit-transform:translate3d(-40%, 0, 0);-webkit-filter:blur(0)}61.875%,
79.375%{-webkit-transform:translate3d(-60%, 0, 0);-webkit-filter:blur(0)}82.5%,
100%{-webkit-transform:translate3d(-80%, 0, 0);-webkit-filter:blur(0)}19.0625%,
39.6875%,
60.3125%,
80.9375%{-webkit-filter:blur(2px)}}@-moz-keyframes carousel{0%,
17.5%{-moz-transform:translate3d(0, 0, 0);-moz-filter:blur(0)}20.625%,
38.125%{-moz-transform:translate3d(-20%, 0, 0);-moz-filter:blur(0)}41.25%,
58.75%{-moz-transform:translate3d(-40%, 0, 0);-moz-filter:blur(0)}61.875%,
79.375%{-moz-transform:translate3d(-60%, 0, 0);-moz-filter:blur(0)}82.5%,
100%{-moz-transform:translate3d(-80%, 0, 0);-moz-filter:blur(0)}19.0625%,
39.6875%,
60.3125%,
80.9375%{-moz-filter:blur(2px)}}@keyframes carousel{0%,
17.5%{transform:translate3d(0, 0, 0);filter:blur(0)}20.625%,
38.125%{transform:translate3d(-20%, 0, 0);filter:blur(0)}41.25%,
58.75%{transform:translate3d(-40%, 0, 0);filter:blur(0)}61.875%,
79.375%{transform:translate3d(-60%, 0, 0);filter:blur(0)}82.5%,
100%{transform:translate3d(-80%, 0, 0);filter:blur(0)}19.0625%,
39.6875%,
60.3125%,
80.9375%{filter:blur(2px)}}
/*# sourceMappingURL=components.carousel.css.map */
</style>
<section class="[ band band--large band--tint ] mb" id="section:carousel" data-ui-component="Quotes carousel">
<div class="carousel">
<ul class="carousel__panes">
<li class="carousel__pane">
<blockquote class="pull-quote pull-quote--banner">
<p>Harry gave the team a strong footing for identifying performance issues on iPlayer. With his knowledge, we were able to roll out quick fixes to our audiences without the need for big rewrites, all within just two days.</p>
<b class="pull-quote__source"><a href="https://twitter.com/mattjburrows">Matthew Burrows</a>, BBC iPlayer</b>
</blockquote>
</li>
<li class="carousel__pane">
<blockquote class="pull-quote pull-quote--banner">
<p>Harry helped our team level up their scalable CSS architecture skills, and to say that he had a large impact on our work is an understatement. We can’t recommend him enough.</p>
<b class="pull-quote__source"><a href="https://twitter.com/addyosmani">Addy Osmani</a>, Google</b>
</blockquote>
</li>
<li class="carousel__pane">
<blockquote class="pull-quote pull-quote--banner">
<p>Harry’s workshop was excellent; we left with tons of new ideas and techniques to improve both the CSS architecture and overall performance of <a href="http://behance.com/" class="carousel__link">Behance</a> and <a href="http://myportfolio.com/" class="carousel__link">Adobe Portfolio</a>.</p>
<b class="pull-quote__source"><a href="http://jackiebalzer.com/">Jackie Balzer</a>, Adobe</b>
</blockquote>
</li>
<li class="carousel__pane">
<blockquote class="pull-quote pull-quote--banner">
<p>There’s a short list of people I whole-heartedly recommend for detailed performance work; Harry is right up there at the top.</p>
<b class="pull-quote__source"><a href="https://timkadlec.com/">Tim Kadlec</a></b>
</blockquote>
</li>
<li class="carousel__pane">
<blockquote class="pull-quote pull-quote--banner">
<p>The CSS architecture I learned from Harry on <a href="/case-studies/nhs-nhsx-elearning-platform/" class="carousel__link">the NHS project</a> has changed the way I work. Bravo!</p>
<b class="pull-quote__source"><a href="https://twitter.com/joshnesbitt">Josh Nesbitt</a></b>
</blockquote>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</section>
<div class="wrapper">
<div class="layout layout--large">
<div class="layout__item lap-and-up-one-half desk-two-thirds" data-ui-component="Main content">
<section class="post" id="section:articles">
<h3 class="heading">Articles</h3>
<p>There are <b>228</b> articles on this blog.
Find them all on the <a href="/archive/">archive page</a>.</p>
<ul class="list-ui post__list mb">
<li class="list-ui__item">
<time class="post__date" datetime="2020-04-26">26 April, 2020</time>
<h3 class="post__title"><a href="/2020/04/questions-for-consultants/">Questions for Consultants</a></h3>
</li>
<li class="list-ui__item">
<time class="post__date" datetime="2020-04-22">22 April, 2020</time>
<h3 class="post__title"><a href="/2020/04/real-world-effectiveness-of-brotli/">Real-World Effectiveness of Brotli</a></h3>
</li>
<li class="list-ui__item">
<time class="post__date" datetime="2020-03-16">16 March, 2020</time>
<h3 class="post__title"><a href="/2020/03/three-tips-for-faster-websites/">Three Tips for Faster Websites</a></h3>
</li>
<li class="list-ui__item">
<time class="post__date" datetime="2020-02-27">27 February, 2020</time>
<h3 class="post__title"><a href="/2020/02/dont-build-your-own-rum/">Don’t Build Your Own RUM</a></h3>
</li>
<li class="list-ui__item">
<time class="post__date" datetime="2020-01-08">8 January, 2020</time>
<h3 class="post__title"><a href="/2020/01/performance-budgets-pragmatically/">Performance Budgets, Pragmatically</a></h3>
</li>
<li class="list-ui__item">
<time class="post__date" datetime="2019-10-28">28 October, 2019</time>
<h3 class="post__title"><a href="/2019/10/my-web-story/">My Web Story</a></h3>
</li>
<li class="list-ui__item">
<time class="post__date" datetime="2019-09-02">2 September, 2019</time>
<h3 class="post__title"><a href="/2019/09/you-dont-get-to-choose/">‘You Don’t Get to Choose’</a></h3>
</li>
<li class="list-ui__item">
<time class="post__date" datetime="2019-08-15">15 August, 2019</time>
<h3 class="post__title"><a href="/2019/08/lazy-pre-browsing-with-prefetch/">Lazy Pre-Browsing with Prefetch</a></h3>
</li>
<li class="list-ui__item">
<time class="post__date" datetime="2019-08-13">13 August, 2019</time>
<h3 class="post__title"><a href="/2019/08/making-cloud-typography-faster/">Making Cloud.typography Fast(er)</a></h3>
</li>
<li class="list-ui__item">
<time class="post__date" datetime="2019-08-08">8 August, 2019</time>
<h3 class="post__title"><a href="/2019/08/time-to-first-byte-what-it-is-and-why-it-matters/">Time to First Byte: What It Is and Why It Matters</a></h3>
</li>
</ul>
<ol class="layout" data-ui-component="Pagination">
<li class="layout__item lap-and-up-one-half mb">
<a href="/page2/#section:articles" class="btn btn--full btn--secondary">Older articles</a>
</ol>
</section>
</div
><div class="layout__item lap-and-up-one-half desk-one-third" data-ui-component="Sub content">
<div class="[ box box--highlight ] mb">
<p>Hi there, I’m Harry. I am an <b><a
href="https://thenetawards.com/previous-winners/">award-winning</a>
Consultant Web Performance Engineer</b>, <b>designer</b>, <b>developer</b>,
<b>writer</b>, and <b>speaker</b> from the UK. I <b><a
href="https://csswizardry.com/archive/?ref=cta-sidebar-bio">write</a></b>, <b><a
href="https://twitter.com/csswizardry">Tweet</a></b>, <b><a
href="https://csswizardry.com/speaking/?ref=cta-sidebar-bio">speak</a></b>, and <b><a
href="http://github.com/csswizardry">share code</a></b> about measuring and
improving site-speed. You <a href="/services/?ref=cta-sidebar-bio">should hire me</a>.</p>
<p><a href="https://twitter.com/csswizardry" class="twitter-follow-button" data-show-count="true" data-lang="en">Follow @csswizardry</a></p>
<hr />
<p class="text-banner">
<a href="/services/?ref=cta-sidebar" class="btn btn--full btn--positive" data-sctrack="cta-sidebar" elementtiming="cta-sidebar">I am <strong>accepting new projects</strong> for Q2 2020
</a>
<script>
performance.mark("CTA Sidebar");
</script>
</p>
<article class="[ box box--highlight ] mb" data-ui-component="ad">
<div class="adpacks">
<script src="//cdn.carbonads.com/carbon.js?zoneid=1673&serve=C6AILKT&placement=csswizardrycom" async defer id="_carbonads_js"></script>
</div>
</article>
<h4>Projects</h4>
<ul class="[ list-ui list-ui--small ] mb">
<li><a href="https://github.com/inuitcss/inuitcss"><img src="/img/content/logo-inuitcss-home.png" alt="inuitcss" loading="lazy" /></a></li>
<li><a href="http://itcss.io/">ITCSS</a> – coming soon…</li>
<li><a href="http://cssguidelin.es/"><img src="/img/content/logo-css-guidelines-home.png" alt="CSS Guidelines" loading="lazy" /></a></li>
</ul>
<h4>Next Appearance</h4>
<ul class="list-ui list-ui--small">
<li>
<h4 class="list-ui__title">Talk</h4>
<img src="/img/icons/at.png" alt="" width="16" height="11" loading="lazy" /> <a href="https://viennajs.org/">ViennaJS</a>, Vienna (Austria), March 2020
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<section class="band band--highlight">
<div class="wrapper">
<!-- Begin MailChimp Signup Form -->
<div id="mc_embed_signup" class="c-newsletter">
<form action="//csswizardry.us14.list-manage.com/subscribe/post?u=95f3f41085f5f957a07ba5efd&id=ba05b5418d" method="post" id="mc-embedded-subscribe-form" name="mc-embedded-subscribe-form" class="validate">
<div id="mc_embed_signup_scroll">
<h5 class="c-newsletter__title">Newsletter</h5>
<p class="c-newsletter__text">Infrequent updates, special offers, and
exclusive content. <a href="/newsletter/">Learn more…</a></p>
<div class="mc-field-group">
<label for="mce-EMAIL" class="c-label">Email Address </label>
<input type="email" value="" name="EMAIL" class="c-input-text c-newsletter__email required email" id="mce-EMAIL" required placeholder="[email protected]">
<input type="submit" value="Join" name="subscribe" id="mc-embedded-subscribe" class="button btn c-newsletter__submit"/>
</div>
<div id="mce-responses" class="clear">
<div class="response" id="mce-error-response" style="display:none"></div>
<div class="response" id="mce-success-response" style="display:none"></div>
</div> <!-- real people should not fill this in and expect good things - do not remove this or risk form bot signups-->
<div style="position: absolute; left: -5000px;" aria-hidden="true"><input type="text" name="b_95f3f41085f5f957a07ba5efd_ba05b5418d" tabindex="-1" value=""></div>
</div>
</form>
</div>
<!--End mc_embed_signup-->
</div>
</section>
<section class="[ band band--tint ] page-foot">
<div class="wrapper">
<div class="layout layout--middle">
<div class="layout__item lap-and-up-one-quarter">
<p>I am available for hire to consult, advise, and develop with passionate product teams across the globe.</p>
</div
><div class="layout__item lap-and-up-one-quarter">
<p>I specialise in large, product-based projects where performance, scalability, and maintainability are paramount.</p>
</div
><div class="layout__item lap-and-up-one-half">
<p><a href="/services/?ref=cta-footer" class="btn btn--secondary btn--full" data-sctrack="cta-footer">I am <strong>accepting new projects</strong> for Q2 2020
</a></p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</section>
<footer class="page-micro">
<p class="wrapper">
<small class="page-micro__copy"><b>CSS Wizardry Ltd</b> is a company registered in England and Wales. <b>Company No.</b> 08698093, <b>VAT No.</b> 170659396</small>
</p>
</footer>
<script>
if ('serviceWorker' in navigator) {
window.addEventListener('load', function() {
navigator.serviceWorker.register('/sw.js').then(function(registration) {
// Successfully registered the Service Worker
//console.log('Service Worker registration successful with scope: ', registration.scope);
}).catch(function(err) {
// Failed to register the Service Worker
//console.log('Service Worker registration failed: ', err);
});
});
}
</script>
<script>
performance.measure('HEAD Time', 'HEAD Start', 'HEAD End');
performance.measure('CSS Time', 'CSS Start', 'CSS End');
console.log(performance.getEntriesByType("mark"));
console.log(performance.getEntriesByType("measure"));
</script>
<script src="https://instant.page/5.0.1" defer type="module" integrity="sha384-0DvoZ9kNcB36fWcQApIMIGQoTzoBDYTQ85e8nmsfFOGz4RHAdUhADqJt4k3K2uLS"></script>
</body>
</html>