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<?xml version="1.0" ?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<title></title>
<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<link rev="made" href="mailto:" />
</head>
<body>
<ul id="index">
<li><a href="#NAME">NAME</a></li>
<li><a href="#SYNOPSIS">SYNOPSIS</a></li>
<li><a href="#DESCRIPTION">DESCRIPTION</a></li>
<li><a href="#RESOURCES">RESOURCES</a></li>
<li><a href="#OPTIONS">OPTIONS</a></li>
<li><a href="#CONCEPTS">CONCEPTS</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="#TAGS">TAGS</a></li>
<li><a href="#PREVIEWS">PREVIEWS</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="#w3m">w3m</a></li>
<li><a href="#iTerm2">iTerm2</a></li>
<li><a href="#urxvt">urxvt</a></li>
<li><a href="#urxvt-full">urxvt-full</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#SELECTION">SELECTION</a></li>
<li><a href="#MACROS">MACROS</a></li>
<li><a href="#BOOKMARKS">BOOKMARKS</a></li>
<li><a href="#RIFLE">RIFLE</a></li>
<li><a href="#FLAGS">FLAGS</a></li>
<li><a href="#PLUGINS">PLUGINS</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#KEY-BINDINGS">KEY BINDINGS</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="#MAIN-BINDINGS">MAIN BINDINGS</a></li>
<li><a href="#READLINE-LIKE-BINDINGS-IN-THE-CONSOLE">READLINE-LIKE BINDINGS IN THE CONSOLE</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#MOUSE-BUTTONS">MOUSE BUTTONS</a></li>
<li><a href="#SETTINGS">SETTINGS</a></li>
<li><a href="#COMMANDS">COMMANDS</a></li>
<li><a href="#FILES">FILES</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="#CONFIGURATION">CONFIGURATION</a></li>
<li><a href="#STORAGE">STORAGE</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#ENVIRONMENT">ENVIRONMENT</a></li>
<li><a href="#EXAMPLES">EXAMPLES</a></li>
<li><a href="#LICENSE">LICENSE</a></li>
<li><a href="#LINKS">LINKS</a></li>
<li><a href="#SEE-ALSO">SEE ALSO</a></li>
<li><a href="#BUGS">BUGS</a></li>
</ul>
<h1 id="NAME">NAME</h1>
<p>ranger - visual file manager</p>
<h1 id="SYNOPSIS">SYNOPSIS</h1>
<p><b>ranger</b> [<b>--version</b>] [<b>--help</b>] [<b>--debug</b>] [<b>--clean</b>] [<b>--cachedir</b>=<i>directory</i>] [<b>--confdir</b>=<i>directory</i>] [<b>--datadir</b>=<i>directory</i>] [<b>--copy-config</b>=<i>which</i>] [<b>--choosefile</b>=<i>target</i>] [<b>--choosefiles</b>=<i>target</i>] [<b>--choosedir</b>=<i>target</i>] [<b>--selectfile</b>=<i>filepath</i>] [<b>--show-only-dirs</b>] [<b>--list-unused-keys</b>] [<b>--list-tagged-files</b>=<i>tag</i>] [<b>--profile</b>] [<b>--cmd</b>=<i>command</i>] [<i>path</i>]</p>
<h1 id="DESCRIPTION">DESCRIPTION</h1>
<p>ranger is a console file manager with VI key bindings.</p>
<h1 id="RESOURCES">RESOURCES</h1>
<p><i>This manual</i> contains instructions on how to use and configure ranger.</p>
<p><i>Inside ranger</i>, you can press <i>?</i> for a list of key bindings, commands or settings.</p>
<p>The <i>README</i> contains install instructions.</p>
<p>The file <i>HACKING.md</i> contains guidelines for code modification.</p>
<p>The directory <i>doc/configs</i> contains configuration files. They are usually installed to <i>/usr/share/doc/ranger/config</i> and can be obtained with ranger's --copy-config option.</p>
<p>The directory <i>examples</i> contains reference implementations for ranger plugins, sample configuration files and some programs for integrating ranger with other software. They are usually installed to <i>/usr/share/doc/ranger/examples</i>.</p>
<p>The man page of rifle(1) describes the functions of the file opener</p>
<p>The section <i>LINKS</i> of this man page contains further resources.</p>
<h1 id="OPTIONS">OPTIONS</h1>
<dl>
<dt id="d---debug"><b>-d</b>, <b>--debug</b></dt>
<dd>
<p>Activate the debug mode: Whenever an error occurs, ranger will exit and print a full traceback. The default behavior is to merely print the name of the exception in the statusbar/log and try to keep running.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="c---clean"><b>-c</b>, <b>--clean</b></dt>
<dd>
<p>Activate the clean mode: ranger will not access or create any configuration files nor will it leave any traces on your system. This is useful when your configuration is broken, when you want to avoid clutter, etc.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="cachedir-dir"><b>--cachedir</b>=<i>dir</i></dt>
<dd>
<p>Change the cache directory of ranger from $XDG_CACHE_HOME or ~/.cache/ranger to "dir".</p>
</dd>
<dt id="r-dir---confdir-dir"><b>-r</b> <i>dir</i>, <b>--confdir</b>=<i>dir</i></dt>
<dd>
<p>Change the configuration directory of ranger from $XDG_CONFIG_HOME or ~/.config/ranger to "dir".</p>
</dd>
<dt id="datadir-dir"><b>--datadir</b>=<i>dir</i></dt>
<dd>
<p>Change the data directory of ranger from $XDG_DATA_HOME or ~/.local/share/ranger to "dir".</p>
</dd>
<dt id="copy-config-file"><b>--copy-config</b>=<i>file</i></dt>
<dd>
<p>Create copies of the default configuration files in your local configuration directory. Existing ones will not be overwritten. Possible values: <i>all</i>, <i>commands</i>, <i>commands_full</i>, <i>rc</i>, <i>rifle</i>, <i>scope</i>.</p>
<p>Note: You may want to disable loading of the global configuration files by exporting <i>RANGER_LOAD_DEFAULT_RC=FALSE</i> in your environment. See also: <b>FILES</b>, <b>ENVIRONMENT</b></p>
<p>--copy-config=<b>commands</b> will copy only a small sample configuration file with a thoroughly commented example. It is recommended to keep this file tidy to avoid getting defunct commands on ranger upgrades. The full default commands.py can be copied with --copy-config=<b>commands_full</b>, but that file will be ignored by ranger and serves only as a reference for making your own commands.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="choosefile-targetfile"><b>--choosefile</b>=<i>targetfile</i></dt>
<dd>
<p>Allows you to pick a file with ranger. This changes the behavior so that when you open a file, ranger will exit and write the absolute path of that file into <i>targetfile</i>.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="choosefiles-targetfile"><b>--choosefiles</b>=<i>targetfile</i></dt>
<dd>
<p>Allows you to pick multiple files with ranger. This changes the behavior so that when you open a file, ranger will exit and write the absolute paths of all selected files into <i>targetfile</i>, adding one newline after each filename.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="choosedir-targetfile"><b>--choosedir</b>=<i>targetfile</i></dt>
<dd>
<p>Allows you to pick a directory with ranger. When you exit ranger, it will write the last visited directory into <i>targetfile</i>.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="selectfile-targetfile"><b>--selectfile</b>=<i>targetfile</i></dt>
<dd>
<p>Open ranger with <i>targetfile</i> selected.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="show-only-dirs"><b>--show-only-dirs</b></dt>
<dd>
<p>Display only the directories. May be used in conjunction with <b>--choosedir</b>=<i>targetfile</i>.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="list-unused-keys"><b>--list-unused-keys</b></dt>
<dd>
<p>List common keys which are not bound to any action in the "browser" context. This list is not complete, you can bind any key that is supported by curses: use the key code returned by <code>getch()</code>.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="list-tagged-files-tag"><b>--list-tagged-files</b>=<i>tag</i></dt>
<dd>
<p>List all files which are tagged with the given tag. Note: Tags are single characters. The default tag is "*"</p>
</dd>
<dt id="profile"><b>--profile</b></dt>
<dd>
<p>Print statistics of CPU usage on exit.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="cmd-command"><b>--cmd</b>=<i>command</i></dt>
<dd>
<p>Execute the command after the configuration has been read. Use this option multiple times to run multiple commands.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="version"><b>--version</b></dt>
<dd>
<p>Print the version and exit.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="h---help"><b>-h</b>, <b>--help</b></dt>
<dd>
<p>Print a list of options and exit.</p>
</dd>
</dl>
<h1 id="CONCEPTS">CONCEPTS</h1>
<p>This part explains how certain parts of ranger work and how they can be used efficiently.</p>
<h2 id="TAGS">TAGS</h2>
<p>Tags are single characters which are displayed left of a filename. You can use tags however you want. Press "t" to toggle tags and "ut" to remove any tags of the selection. The default tag is an Asterisk ("*"), but you can use any tag by typing <i>"<tagname></i>.</p>
<h2 id="PREVIEWS">PREVIEWS</h2>
<p>By default, only text files are previewed, but you can enable external preview scripts by setting the option <code>use_preview_script</code> and <code>preview_files</code> to true.</p>
<p>This default script is <i>~/.config/ranger/scope.sh</i>. It contains more documentation and calls to the programs <i>lynx</i> and <i>elinks</i> for html, <i>highlight</i> for text/code, <i>img2txt</i> for images, <i>atool</i> for archives, <i>pdftotext</i> for PDFs and <i>mediainfo</i> for video and audio files.</p>
<p>Install these programs (just the ones you need) and scope.sh will automatically use them.</p>
<p>Independently of the preview script, there is a feature to preview images by drawing them directly into the terminal. To enable this feature, set the option <code>preview_images</code> to true and enable one of the image preview modes:</p>
<h3 id="w3m">w3m</h3>
<p>This does not work over ssh, requires certain terminals (tested on "xterm" and "urxvt") and is incompatible with tmux, although it works with screen.</p>
<p>To enable this feature, install the program "w3m" and set the option <code>preview_images_method</code> to w3m.</p>
<h3 id="iTerm2">iTerm2</h3>
<p>This only works in iTerm2 compiled with image preview support, but works over ssh.</p>
<p>To enable this feature, set the option <code>preview_images_method</code> to iterm2.</p>
<p>This feature relies on the dimensions of the terminal's font. By default, a width of 8 and height of 11 are used. To use other values, set the options <code>iterm2_font_width</code> and <code>iterm2_font_height</code> to the desired values.</p>
<h3 id="urxvt">urxvt</h3>
<p>This only works in urxvt compiled with pixbuf support. Does not work over ssh.</p>
<p>Essentially this mode sets an image as a terminal background temporarily, so it will break any previously set image background.</p>
<p>To enable this feature, set the option <code>preview_images_method</code> to urxvt.</p>
<h3 id="urxvt-full">urxvt-full</h3>
<p>The same as urxvt but utilizing not only the preview pane but the whole terminal window.</p>
<p>To enable this feature, set the option <code>preview_images_method</code> to urxvt-full.</p>
<h2 id="SELECTION">SELECTION</h2>
<p>The <i>selection</i> is defined as "All marked files IF THERE ARE ANY, otherwise the current file." Be aware of this when using the :delete command, which deletes all files in the selection.</p>
<p>You can mark files by pressing <Space>, v, etc. A yellow <b>Mrk</b> symbol at the bottom right indicates that there are marked files in this directory.</p>
<h2 id="MACROS">MACROS</h2>
<p>Macros can be used in commands to abbreviate things.</p>
<pre><code> %f the highlighted file
%d the path of the current directory
%s the selected files in the current directory
%t all tagged files in the current directory
%c the full paths of the currently copied/cut files
%p the full paths of selected files</code></pre>
<p>The macros %f, %d, %p, and %s also have upper case variants, %F, %D, %P, and %S, which refer to the next tab. To refer to specific tabs, add a number in between. (%7s = selection of the seventh tab.)</p>
<p>%c is the only macro which ranges out of the current directory. So you may "abuse" the copying function for other purposes, like diffing two files which are in different directories:</p>
<pre><code> Yank the file A (type yy), move to the file B, then type
@diff %c %f</code></pre>
<p>Macros for file paths are generally shell-escaped so they can be used in the <code>shell</code> command.</p>
<p>Additionally, if you create a key binding that uses <any>, a special statement which accepts any key, then the macro %any (or %any0, %any1, %any2, ...) can be used in the command to get the key that was pressed.</p>
<p>The macro %rangerdir expands to the directory of ranger's python library, you can use it for something like this command: alias show_commands shell less %rangerdir/config/commands.py</p>
<p>%confdir expands to the directory given by <b>--confdir</b>.</p>
<p>%datadir expands to the directory given by <b>--datadir</b>.</p>
<p>The macro %space expands to a space character. You can use it to add spaces to the end of a command when needed, while preventing editors to strip spaces off the end of the line automatically.</p>
<p>To write a literal %, you need to escape it by writing %%.</p>
<h2 id="BOOKMARKS">BOOKMARKS</h2>
<p>Type <b>m<key></b> to bookmark the current directory. You can re-enter this directory by typing <b>`<key></b>. <key> can be any letter or digit. Unlike vim, both lowercase and uppercase bookmarks are persistent.</p>
<p>Each time you jump to a bookmark, the special bookmark at key ` will be set to the last directory. So typing "``" gets you back to where you were before.</p>
<p>Bookmarks are selectable when tabbing in the :cd command.</p>
<p>Note: The bookmarks ' (Apostrophe) and ` (Backtick) are the same.</p>
<h2 id="RIFLE">RIFLE</h2>
<p>Rifle is the file opener of ranger. It can be used as a standalone program or a python module. It is located at <i>ranger/ext/rifle.py</i>. In contrast to other, more simple file openers, rifle can automatically find installed programs so it can be used effectively out of the box on a variety of systems.</p>
<p>It's configured in <i>rifle.conf</i> through a list of conditions and commands. For each line the conditions are checked and if they are met, the respective command is taken into consideration. By default, simply the first matching rule is used. In ranger, you can list and choose rules by typing "r" or simply by typing "<rulenumber><enter>". If you use rifle standalone, you can list all rules with the "-l" option and pick a rule with "-p <number>".</p>
<p>The rules, along with further documentation, are contained in <i>ranger/config/rifle.conf</i>.</p>
<h2 id="FLAGS">FLAGS</h2>
<p>Flags give you a way to modify the behavior of the spawned process. They are used in the commands <code>:open_with</code> (key "r") and <code>:shell</code> (key "!").</p>
<pre><code> f Fork the process. (Run in background)
c Run the current file only, instead of the selection
r Run application with root privilege (requires sudo)
t Run application in a new terminal window</code></pre>
<p>There are some additional flags that can currently be used only in the <code>shell</code> command: (for example <code>:shell -w df</code>)</p>
<pre><code> p Redirect output to the pager
s Silent mode. Output will be discarded.
w Wait for an Enter-press when the process is done</code></pre>
<p>By default, all the flags are off unless specified otherwise in the <i>rifle.conf</i> configuration file. You can specify as many flags as you want. An uppercase flag negates the effect: "ffcccFsf" is equivalent to "cs".</p>
<p>The terminal program name for the "t" flag is taken from the environment variable $TERMCMD. If it doesn't exist, it tries to extract it from $TERM, uses "x-terminal-emulator" as a fallback, and then "xterm" if that fails.</p>
<p>Examples: <code>:open_with c</code> will open the file that you currently point at, even if you have selected other files. <code>:shell -w df</code> will run "df" and wait for you to press Enter before switching back to ranger.</p>
<h2 id="PLUGINS">PLUGINS</h2>
<p>ranger's plugin system consists of python files which are located in <i>~/.config/ranger/plugins/</i> and are imported in alphabetical order when starting ranger. A plugin changes rangers behavior by overwriting or extending a function that ranger uses. This allows you to change pretty much every part of ranger, but there is no guarantee that things will continue to work in future versions as the source code evolves.</p>
<p>Adding new commands via a plugin as simple as specifying them like you would do in the <i>commands.py</i>.</p>
<p>There are some hooks that are specifically made for the use in plugins. They are functions that start with hook_ and can be found throughout the code.</p>
<pre><code> grep 'def hook_' -r /path/to/rangers/source</code></pre>
<p>Also try:</p>
<pre><code> pydoc ranger.api</code></pre>
<p>Note that you should NOT simply overwrite a function unless you know what you're doing. Instead, save the existing function and call it from your new one. This way, multiple plugins can use the same hook. There are several sample plugins in the <i>/usr/share/doc/ranger/examples/</i> directory, including a hello-world plugin that describes this procedure.</p>
<h1 id="KEY-BINDINGS">KEY BINDINGS</h1>
<p>Key bindings are defined in the file <i>ranger/config/rc.conf</i>. Check this file for a list of all key bindings. You can copy it to your local configuration directory with the --copy-config=rc option.</p>
<p>Many key bindings take an additional numeric argument. Type <i>5j</i> to move down 5 lines, <i>2l</i> to open a file in mode 2, <i>10<Space></i> to mark 10 files.</p>
<p>This list contains the most useful bindings:</p>
<h2 id="MAIN-BINDINGS">MAIN BINDINGS</h2>
<dl>
<dt id="h-j-k-l">h, j, k, l</dt>
<dd>
<p>Move left, down, up or right</p>
</dd>
<dt id="D-or-J-U-or-K">^D or J, ^U or K</dt>
<dd>
<p>Move a half page down, up</p>
</dd>
<dt id="H-L">H, L</dt>
<dd>
<p>Move back and forward in the history</p>
</dd>
<dt id="gg">gg</dt>
<dd>
<p>Move to the top</p>
</dd>
<dt id="G">G</dt>
<dd>
<p>Move to the bottom</p>
</dd>
<dt id="pod">[, ]</dt>
<dd>
<p>Move up and down in the parent directory.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="R">^R</dt>
<dd>
<p>Reload everything</p>
</dd>
<dt id="F">F</dt>
<dd>
<p>Toggle <i>freeze_files</i> setting. When active (indicated by a cyan <i>FROZEN</i> message in the status bar), directories and files will not be loaded, improving performance when all the files you need are already loaded. This does not affect file previews, which can be toggled with <i>zI</i>. Also try disabling the preview of directories with <i>zP</i>.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="L">^L</dt>
<dd>
<p>Redraw the screen</p>
</dd>
<dt id="i">i</dt>
<dd>
<p>Inspect the current file in a bigger window.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="E">E</dt>
<dd>
<p>Edit the current file in $VISUAL otherwise $EDITOR otherwise "vim"</p>
</dd>
<dt id="S">S</dt>
<dd>
<p>Open a shell in the current directory</p>
</dd>
<dt id="pod1">?</dt>
<dd>
<p>Opens this man page</p>
</dd>
<dt id="W">W</dt>
<dd>
<p>Opens the log window where you can review messages that pop up at the bottom.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="w">w</dt>
<dd>
<p>Opens the task window where you can view and modify background processes that currently run in ranger. In there, you can type "dd" to abort a process and "J" or "K" to change the priority of a process. Only one process is run at a time.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="C">^C</dt>
<dd>
<p>Stop the currently running background process that ranger has started, like copying files, loading directories or file previews.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="octal-whowhat--whowhat"><octal>=, +<who><what>, -<who><what></dt>
<dd>
<p>Change the permissions of the selection. For example, <code>777=</code> is equivalent to <code>chmod 777 %s</code>, <code>+ar</code> does <code>chmod a+r %s</code>, <code>-ow</code> does <code>chmod o-w %s</code> etc.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="yy">yy</dt>
<dd>
<p>Copy (yank) the selection, like pressing Ctrl+C in modern GUI programs. (You can also type "ya" to add files to the copy buffer, "yr" to remove files again, or "yt" for toggling.)</p>
</dd>
<dt id="dd">dd</dt>
<dd>
<p>Cut the selection, like pressing Ctrl+X in modern GUI programs. (There are also "da", "dr" and "dt" shortcuts equivalent to "ya", "yr" and "yt".)</p>
</dd>
<dt id="pp">pp</dt>
<dd>
<p>Paste the files which were previously copied or cut, like pressing Ctrl+V in modern GUI programs.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="po">po</dt>
<dd>
<p>Paste the copied/cut files, overwriting existing files.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="pP-pO">pP, pO</dt>
<dd>
<p>Like pp and po, but queues the operation so that it will be executed <i>after</i> any other operations. Reminder: type <code>w</code> to open the task window.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="pl-pL">pl, pL</dt>
<dd>
<p>Create symlinks (absolute or relative) to the copied files</p>
</dd>
<dt id="phl">phl</dt>
<dd>
<p>Create hardlinks to the copied files</p>
</dd>
<dt id="pht">pht</dt>
<dd>
<p>Duplicate the subdirectory tree of the copied directory, then create hardlinks for each contained file into the new directory tree.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="mX">m<i>X</i></dt>
<dd>
<p>Create a bookmark with the name <i>X</i></p>
</dd>
<dt id="X">`<i>X</i></dt>
<dd>
<p>Move to the bookmark with the name <i>X</i></p>
</dd>
<dt id="n">n</dt>
<dd>
<p>Find the next file. By default, this gets you to the newest file in the directory, but if you search something using the keys /, cm, ct, ..., it will get you to the next found entry.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="N">N</dt>
<dd>
<p>Find the previous file.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="oX">o<i>X</i></dt>
<dd>
<p>Change the sort method (like in mutt)</p>
</dd>
<dt id="zX">z<i>X</i></dt>
<dd>
<p>Change settings. See the settings section for a list of settings and their hotkey.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="u">u<i>?</i></dt>
<dd>
<p>Universal undo-key. Depending on the key that you press after "u", it either restores closed tabs (uq), removes tags (ut), clears the copy/cut buffer (ud), starts the reversed visual mode (uV) or clears the selection (uv).</p>
</dd>
<dt id="f">f</dt>
<dd>
<p>Quickly navigate by entering a part of the filename.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="Space">Space</dt>
<dd>
<p>Mark a file.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="v">v</dt>
<dd>
<p>Toggle the mark-status of all files</p>
</dd>
<dt id="V">V</dt>
<dd>
<p>Starts the visual mode, which selects all files between the starting point and the cursor until you press ESC. To unselect files in the same way, use "uV".</p>
</dd>
<dt id="pod2">/</dt>
<dd>
<p>Search for files in the current directory.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="pod3">:</dt>
<dd>
<p>Open the console.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="pod4">!</dt>
<dd>
<p>Open the console with the content "shell " so you can quickly run commands</p>
</dd>
<dt id="pod5">@</dt>
<dd>
<p>Open the console with the content "shell %s", placing the cursor before the " %s" so you can quickly run commands with the current selection as the argument.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="r">r</dt>
<dd>
<p>Open the console with the content "open with " so you can decide which program to use to open the current file selection.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="cd">cd</dt>
<dd>
<p>Open the console with the content "cd "</p>
</dd>
<dt id="Alt-N">Alt-<i>N</i></dt>
<dd>
<p>Open a tab. N has to be a number from 0 to 9. If the tab doesn't exist yet, it will be created.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="gn-N">gn, ^N</dt>
<dd>
<p>Create a new tab.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="gt-gT">gt, gT</dt>
<dd>
<p>Go to the next or previous tab. You can also use TAB and SHIFT+TAB instead.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="gc-W">gc, ^W</dt>
<dd>
<p>Close the current tab. The last tab cannot be closed this way.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="M">M</dt>
<dd>
<p>A key chain that allows you to quickly change the line mode of all the files of the current directory. For a more permanent solution, use the command "default_linemode" in your rc.conf.</p>
</dd>
</dl>
<h2 id="READLINE-LIKE-BINDINGS-IN-THE-CONSOLE">READLINE-LIKE BINDINGS IN THE CONSOLE</h2>
<dl>
<dt id="B-F">^B, ^F</dt>
<dd>
<p>Move left and right (B for back, F for forward)</p>
</dd>
<dt id="P-N">^P, ^N</dt>
<dd>
<p>Move up and down (P for previous, N for Next)</p>
</dd>
<dt id="A-E">^A, ^E</dt>
<dd>
<p>Move to the start or to the end</p>
</dd>
<dt id="D">^D</dt>
<dd>
<p>Delete the current character.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="H">^H</dt>
<dd>
<p>Backspace.</p>
</dd>
</dl>
<h1 id="MOUSE-BUTTONS">MOUSE BUTTONS</h1>
<dl>
<dt id="Left-Mouse-Button">Left Mouse Button</dt>
<dd>
<p>Click on something and you'll move there. To run a file, "enter" it, like a directory, by clicking on the preview.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="Right-Mouse-Button">Right Mouse Button</dt>
<dd>
<p>Enter a directory or run a file.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="Scroll-Wheel">Scroll Wheel</dt>
<dd>
<p>Scrolls up or down. You can point at the column of the parent directory while scrolling to switch directories.</p>
</dd>
</dl>
<h1 id="SETTINGS">SETTINGS</h1>
<p>This section lists all built-in settings of ranger. The valid types for the value are in [brackets]. The hotkey to toggle the setting is in <brokets>, if a hotkey exists.</p>
<p>Settings can be changed in the file <i>~/.config/ranger/rc.conf</i> or on the fly with the command <b>:set option value</b>. Examples:</p>
<pre><code> set column_ratios 1,2,3
set show_hidden true</code></pre>
<p>Toggling options can be done with:</p>
<pre><code> set show_hidden!</code></pre>
<p>The different types of settings and an example for each type:</p>
<pre><code> setting type | example values
---------------+----------------------------
bool | true, false
integer | 1, 23, 1337
string | foo, hello world
list | 1,2,3,4
none | none</code></pre>
<p>You can view a list of all settings and their current values by pressing "3?" in ranger.</p>
<dl>
<dt id="automatically_count_files-bool">automatically_count_files [bool]</dt>
<dd>
<p>Should ranger count and display the number of files in each directory as soon as it's visible? This gets slow with remote file sytems. Turning it off will still allow you to see the number of files after entering the directory.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="autosave_bookmarks-bool">autosave_bookmarks [bool]</dt>
<dd>
<p>Save bookmarks (used with mX and `X) instantly? This helps to synchronize bookmarks between multiple ranger instances but leads to *slight* performance loss. When false, bookmarks are saved when ranger is exited.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="autoupdate_cumulative_size-bool">autoupdate_cumulative_size [bool]</dt>
<dd>
<p>You can display the "real" cumulative size of directories by using the command :get_cumulative_size or typing "dc". The size is expensive to calculate and will not be updated automatically. You can choose to update it automatically though by turning on this option.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="cd_bookmarks-bool">cd_bookmarks [bool]</dt>
<dd>
<p>Specify whether bookmarks should be included in the tab completion of the "cd" command.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="cd_tab_case-string">cd_tab_case [string]</dt>
<dd>
<p>Changes case sensitivity for the "cd" command tab completion. Possible values are:</p>
<pre><code> sensitive
insensitive
smart</code></pre>
</dd>
<dt id="cd_tab_fuzzy-bool">cd_tab_fuzzy [bool]</dt>
<dd>
<p>Use fuzzy tab completion with the "cd" command. For example, <b>:cd /u/lo/b<TAB></b> expands to <b>:cd /usr/local/bin</b>.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="clear_filters_on_dir_change-bool">clear_filters_on_dir_change [bool]</dt>
<dd>
<p>If set to 'true', persistent filters would be cleared upon leaving the directory</p>
</dd>
<dt id="collapse_preview-bool-zc">collapse_preview [bool] <zc></dt>
<dd>
<p>When no preview is visible, should the last column be squeezed to make use of the whitespace?</p>
</dd>
<dt id="colorscheme-string">colorscheme [string]</dt>
<dd>
<p>Which colorscheme to use? These colorschemes are available by default: <b>default</b>, <b>jungle</b>, <b>snow</b>. Snow is a monochrome scheme, jungle replaces blue directories with green ones for better visibility on certain terminals.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="column_ratios-list">column_ratios [list]</dt>
<dd>
<p>How many columns are there, and what are their relative widths? For example, a value of 1,1,1 would mean 3 evenly sized columns. 1,1,1,1,4 means 5 columns with the preview column being as large as the other columns combined.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="confirm_on_delete-string">confirm_on_delete [string]</dt>
<dd>
<p>Ask for a confirmation when running the "delete" command? Valid values are "always" (default), "never", "multiple". With "multiple", ranger will ask only if you delete multiple files at once.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="dirname_in_tabs-bool">dirname_in_tabs [bool]</dt>
<dd>
<p>Display the directory name in tabs?</p>
</dd>
<dt id="display_size_in_main_column-bool">display_size_in_main_column [bool]</dt>
<dd>
<p>Display the file size in the main column?</p>
</dd>
<dt id="display_size_in_status_bar-bool">display_size_in_status_bar [bool]</dt>
<dd>
<p>Display the file size in the status bar?</p>
</dd>
<dt id="display_tags_in_all_columns-bool">display_tags_in_all_columns [bool]</dt>
<dd>
<p>Display tags in all columns?</p>
</dd>
<dt id="draw_borders-bool">draw_borders [bool]</dt>
<dd>
<p>Draw borders around columns?</p>
</dd>
<dt id="draw_progress_bar_in_status_bar-bool">draw_progress_bar_in_status_bar [bool]</dt>
<dd>
<p>Draw a progress bar in the status bar which displays the average state of all currently running tasks which support progress bars?</p>
</dd>
<dt id="flushinput-bool-zi">flushinput [bool] <zi></dt>
<dd>
<p>Flush the input after each key hit? One advantage is that when scrolling down with "j", ranger stops scrolling instantly when you release the key. One disadvantage is that when you type commands blindly, some keys might get lost.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="freeze_files-bool-F">freeze_files [bool] <F></dt>
<dd>
<p>When active, directories and files will not be loaded, improving performance when all the files you need are already loaded. This does not affect file previews.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="global_inode_type_filter-string">global_inode_type_filter [string]</dt>
<dd>
<p>Like filter_inode_type, but globally for all directories. Useful in combination with <b>--choosedir</b>:</p>
<pre><code> ranger --choosedir=/tmp/x --cmd='set global_inode_type_filter d'</code></pre>
</dd>
<dt id="hidden_filter-string">hidden_filter [string]</dt>
<dd>
<p>A regular expression pattern for files which should be hidden. For example, this pattern will hide all files that start with a dot or end with a tilde.</p>
<pre><code> set hidden_filter ^\.|~$</code></pre>
</dd>
<dt id="idle_delay-integer">idle_delay [integer]</dt>
<dd>
<p>The delay that ranger idly waits for user input, in milliseconds, with a resolution of 100ms. Lower delay reduces lag between directory updates but increases CPU load.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="iterm2_font_height-integer">iterm2_font_height [integer]</dt>
<dd>
<p>Change the assumed font height in iTerm2, which may help with iTerm image previews</p>
</dd>
<dt id="iterm2_font_width-integer">iterm2_font_width [integer]</dt>
<dd>
<p>Change the assumed font width in iTerm2, which may help with iTerm image previews</p>
</dd>
<dt id="line_numbers-string">line_numbers [string]</dt>
<dd>
<p>Show line numbers in main column. Possible values are:</p>
<pre><code> false turn the feature off
absolute absolute line numbers for use with "<N>gg"
relative relative line numbers for "<N>k" or "<N>j"</code></pre>
</dd>
<dt id="max_console_history_size-integer-none">max_console_history_size [integer, none]</dt>
<dd>
<p>How many console commands should be kept in history? "none" will disable the limit.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="max_history_size-integer-none">max_history_size [integer, none]</dt>
<dd>
<p>How many directory changes should be kept in history?</p>
</dd>
<dt id="metadata_deep_search-bool">metadata_deep_search [bool]</dt>
<dd>
<p>When the metadata manager module looks for metadata, should it only look for a ".metadata.json" file in the current directory, or do a deep search and check all directories above the current one as well?</p>
</dd>
<dt id="mouse_enabled-bool-zm">mouse_enabled [bool] <zm></dt>
<dd>
<p>Enable mouse input?</p>
</dd>
<dt id="one_indexed-bool">one_indexed [bool]</dt>
<dd>
<p>Start line numbers from 1. Possible values are:</p>
<pre><code> false start line numbers from 0
true start line numbers from 1</code></pre>
</dd>
<dt id="open_all_images-bool">open_all_images [bool]</dt>
<dd>
<p>Open all images in this directory when running certain image viewers like feh or sxiv? You can still open selected files by marking them.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="padding_right-bool">padding_right [bool]</dt>
<dd>
<p>When collapse_preview is on and there is no preview, should there remain a little padding on the right? This allows you to click into that space to run the file.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="preview_directories-bool-zP">preview_directories [bool] <zP></dt>
<dd>
<p>Preview directories in the preview column?</p>
</dd>
<dt id="preview_files-bool-zp">preview_files [bool] <zp></dt>
<dd>
<p>Preview files in the preview column?</p>
</dd>
<dt id="preview_images-bool">preview_images [bool]</dt>
<dd>
<p>Draw images inside the console with the external program w3mimgpreview?</p>
</dd>
<dt id="preview_images_method-string">preview_images_method [string]</dt>
<dd>
<p>Set the preview image method. Supported methods: w3m, iterm2, urxvt, urxvt-full, terminology. See <i>PREVIEWS</i> section.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="preview_max_size-int">preview_max_size [int]</dt>
<dd>
<p>Avoid previewing files that exceed a certain size, in bytes. Use a value of 0 to disable this feature.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="preview_script-string-none">preview_script [string, none]</dt>
<dd>
<p>Which script should handle generating previews? If the file doesn't exist, or use_preview_script is off, ranger will handle previews itself by just printing the content.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="save_backtick_bookmark-bool">save_backtick_bookmark [bool]</dt>
<dd>
<p>Save the <code>`</code> bookmark to disk. This bookmark is used to switch to the last directory by typing <code>``</code>.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="save_console_history-bool">save_console_history [bool]</dt>
<dd>
<p>Should the console history be saved on exit? If disabled, the console history is reset when you restart ranger.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="save_tabs_on_exit-bool">save_tabs_on_exit [bool]</dt>
<dd>
<p>Save all tabs, except the active, on exit? The last saved tabs are restored once when starting the next session. Multiple sessions are stored in a stack and the oldest saved tabs are restored first.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="scroll_offset-integer">scroll_offset [integer]</dt>
<dd>
<p>Try to keep this much space between the top/bottom border when scrolling.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="shorten_title-integer">shorten_title [integer]</dt>
<dd>
<p>Trim the title of the window if it gets long? The number defines how many directories are displayed at once. A value of 0 turns off this feature.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="show_cursor-bool">show_cursor [bool]</dt>
<dd>