script.R

# paquetes ----------------------------------------------------------------

library(glue)
library(ggtext)
library(showtext)
library(tidyverse)

# fuente ------------------------------------------------------------------

# colores
c1 <- "#312A56"
c2 <- "#11C638"
c3 <- "#95D69A"
c4 <- "#EF9708"
c5 <- "#F0BC95"
c6 <- "#E2E2E2"

# fuente: Ubuntu
font_add(
  family = "ubuntu", 
  regular = "fuente/Ubuntu-Regular.ttf",
  bold = "fuente/Ubuntu-Bold.ttf",
  italic = "fuente/Ubuntu-Italic.ttf")

# monoespacio & íconos
font_add(
  family = "jet", 
  regular = "fuente/JetBrainsMonoNLNerdFontMono-Regular.ttf")

# bebas
font_add(
  family = "bebas",
  regular = "fuente/BebasNeue-Regular.ttf"
)

showtext_auto()
showtext_opts(dpi = 300)

# caption
fuente <- glue(
  "Datos: <span style='color:{c3};'><span style='font-family:jet;'>",
  "{{<b>tidytuesdayR</b>}}</span> semana {21}, ",
  "Carbon Majors.</span>")
autor <- glue("<span style='color:{c3};'>**Víctor Gauto**</span>")
icon_twitter <- glue("<span style='font-family:jet;'>&#xf099;</span>")
icon_instagram <- glue("<span style='font-family:jet;'>&#xf16d;</span>")
icon_github <- glue("<span style='font-family:jet;'>&#xf09b;</span>")
icon_mastodon <- glue("<span style='font-family:jet;'>&#xf0ad1;</span>")
usuario <- glue("<span style='color:{c3};'>**vhgauto**</span>")
sep <- glue("**|**")

mi_caption <- glue(
  "{fuente}<br>{autor} {sep} {icon_github} {icon_twitter} {icon_instagram} ",
  "{icon_mastodon} {usuario}")

# datos -------------------------------------------------------------------

tuesdata <- tidytuesdayR::tt_load(2024, 21)
emissions <- tuesdata$emissions

# me interesa la relación entre las emisiones de empresas privadas y estatales

d <- emissions |> 
  filter(parent_type != "Nation State") |> 
  reframe(
    s = sum(total_emissions_MtCO2e),
    .by = c(year, parent_type)
  ) |> 
  filter(year >= 1900) |> 
  rename(
    año = year,
    tipo = parent_type
  )

# año en el que las empresas estatales superan el 50% de las emisiones de CO2
d_50 <- d |>
  pivot_wider(
    names_from = tipo,
    values_from = s
  ) |> 
  mutate(
    tot = `State-owned Entity` + `Investor-owned Company`
  ) |> 
  mutate(
    estatal = `State-owned Entity`/tot,
    privado = `Investor-owned Company`/tot
  ) |> 
  arrange(año) |> 
  filter(between(estatal, .49, .52))

# figura ------------------------------------------------------------------

# subtítulo y aclaración
mi_subtitle <- glue(
  "Las empresas productoras de cemento, petróleo, gas y carbón son grandes<br>",
  " generadoras de CO<sub>2</sub>. Desde el s. XX, la proporción de las ",
  "emisiones causadas<br>por empresas <b style='color: {c4};'>estatales</b>",
  " ha aumentado respecto de las <b style='color: {c2};'>privadas</b>."
)

mi_label <- glue(
  "A partir del <b>{d_50$año}</b>, las empresas 
  <b style='color: {c4};'>estatales</b><br>",
  "han producido más del <b>50%</b> de las emisiones."
)

# figura
g <- ggplot(d, aes(año, s, fill = tipo, color = tipo)) +
  geom_col(position = position_fill(), linewidth = .5, alpha = 1, color = c1) +
  geom_hline(
    yintercept = .5, color = c6, linewidth = 1, alpha = .6, linetype = "33") +
  annotate(
    geom = "richtext", x = 1945, y = .6, hjust = .5, vjust = 0, 
    color = c6, family = "ubuntu", size = 6, label = mi_label, fill = c1, 
    label.color = NA, label.r = unit(0, "mm"), label.padding = unit(5, "mm")
  ) +
  annotate(
    geom = "curve", x = 1975, y = .6, xend = d_50$año-1, yend = d_50$estatal,
    color = c6, linewidth = 1,
    arrow = arrow(length = unit(3, "mm"), type = "closed", angle = 20)
  ) +
  scale_x_continuous(
    breaks = scales::breaks_width(20)
  ) +
  scale_y_continuous(
    breaks = scales::breaks_width(.25),
    labels = scales::label_percent()
  ) +
  scale_fill_manual(
    values = c(c2, c4)
  ) +
  coord_cartesian(expand = FALSE) +
  labs(subtitle = mi_subtitle, caption = mi_caption) +
  theme_void() +
  theme(
    aspect.ratio = 1,
    plot.margin = margin(22, 30, 10, 23),
    plot.background = element_rect(fill = c1, color = c3, linewidth = 3),
    plot.subtitle = element_markdown(
      family = "ubuntu", size = 20, margin = margin(b = 20), color = c6,
      lineheight = unit(1.3, "line")
    ),
    plot.caption = element_markdown(
      family = "ubuntu", color = c5, size = 15, margin = margin(t = 25),
      lineheight = unit(1.3, "line")
    ),
    panel.grid.major = element_line(
      color = c6, linewidth = .2, linetype = "44"
    ),
    axis.text.x = element_text(
      family = "bebas", size = 30, color = c6, margin = margin(t = 10)
    ),
    axis.text.y = element_text(
      family = "jet", size = 15, color = c6, margin = margin(r = 10), vjust = 0,
      hjust = 1
    ),
    legend.position = "none"
  )

# guardo
ggsave(
  plot = g,
  filename = "2024/s21/viz.png",
  width = 30,
  height = 34,
  units = "cm")

# abro
browseURL("2024/s21/viz.png")