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Labs

Infrastructure as code

Objectives

This workshop can be done on your own, or in groups of 2-3 people.

  1. Part 1 - Using Vagrant with Shell Provisioner
  2. Part 2 - GitLab installation using Vagrant and Ansible Provisioner

Before starting

  1. Install VirtualBox - https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Downloads
  2. Install Vagrant on your computer - https://www.vagrantup.com/downloads.html
  3. (Optional) On Windows, ensure that Hyper-V is disabled:
    • Open a new PowerShell
    • Run the following command: 
      Disable-WindowsOptionalFeature -Online -FeatureName Microsoft-Hyper-V-All
  4. Download the centos/7 Vagrant box for the Virtualbox provider, run:
vagrant box add centos/7

It will output:

==> box: Loading metadata for box 'centos/7'
   box: URL: https://vagrantcloud.com/centos/7
This box can work with multiple providers! The providers that it
can work with are listed below. Please review the list and   choose
the provider you will be working with.

1) hyperv
2) libvirt
3) virtualbox
4) vmware_desktop

Enter your choice: 3
  1. Clone the lab repository to your computer:
git clone https://github.com/adaltas/ece-devops-2020-fall.git

Part 1 - Using Vagrant with Shell Provisioner

1. Prepare a virtual environment

The next step once you’ve installed Vagrant is to create a Vagrantfile and customize it to suit your needs. This is covered in detail in the Vagrant documentation, and for this lab we will use a prepared Vagrantfile.

Go to the modules/3-infrustructure-as-code/assets/part-1 directory and take a look at the Vagrantfile:

cd ece-devops-2020-fall/modules/3-infrustructure-as-code/assets/part-1

2. Create a virtual machine (VM)

Run the command:

vagrant up

Try also other Vagrant commands that manage the VMs:

# will check VMs status
vagrant status 

# stop the VMs
vagrant halt

# will destroy VMs
vagrant destroy

3. Check that everything is ok by connecting to the VM via SSH

  1. To enter inside the VM via SSH:
vagrant ssh centos_server

It will open a session in the VM and you can run any bash commands being inside the Linux VM (like ls, pwd , etc.)

  1. Open VirtualBox (or VMware) and check the installed virtual machine.

4. Play with different commands for Shell Provisioner

Find more instructions here.

  1. To configure the /etc/hosts file replace "Start provisioning" section in the Vagrantfile with this:
# Start provisioning
config.vm.provision "shell",
  inline: "echo '127.0.0.1  mydomain-1.local' >> /etc/hosts"

Then run:

vagrant provision

Note! You need to run it with your laptop OS terminal, not being inside the VM via SSH.

  1. To print a current date into the /etc/vagrant_provisioned_at file replace in the Vagrantfile with this:
# Start provisioning
$script = <<-SCRIPT
echo I am provisioning...
date > /etc/vagrant_provisioned_at
SCRIPT

config.vm.provision "shell", inline: $script

Then run:

vagrant provision

Part 2 - GitLab installation using Vagrant and Ansible Provisioner

We will install Gitlab on CentOS as described in the official documentation. You can try repeat those steps manually one after another on the VM configured in the part 1 of the lab. Usually, when we are installing first time a new software on a testing environment, we do it manually to test each step and then, after clarifying all the installation process we automatize it using tools like Vagrant and Ansible.

We will use ansible_local provisioner what will install Ansible on CentOS 7 Linux distribution virtual machine by Vagrant. So, you don't need Ansible on your host OS!

1. Prepare a virtual environment

Go to the modules/3-infrustructure-as-code/assets/part-2 directory and take a look at the Vagrantfile and at the YAML files playbooks/run.yml. To have more information how the Vagrantfile is configured follow this Vagrant Guide

In the assets/part-2 directory, you will find:

  • A Vagrantfile that defines the VMs to be managed by Vagrant (1 CentOS 7 VM named gitlab_server in our case)
  • A playbooks/ directory that contains Ansible playbooks to install GitLab and run health checks

2. Create and provision a virtual machine (VM)

Run the command:

vagrant up

It will take 5-10 min to install all the necessary software including required packages, GitLab instance and databases.

3. Test the installation

To test the installation of GitLab you can just open a URL in a browser and make sure it answers with any GitLab page (this is a step 3 of the GitLab installation doc).

So, open in your browser the URL - http://20.20.20.2

Once it is open the login page you can login and explore GitLab:

  1. Choose a password
  2. Login as the user root using the password

4. Instructions for updating playbooks

If you need to change something in our installation, you have to modify your playbooks, upload them on the VMs and run provisioning:

  1. Update the playbooks on the VM using vagrant upload:
vagrant upload playbooks /vagrant/playbooks gitlab_server
  1. Rerun provisioning with the command:
vagrant provision