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Ansible provisioning of a Debian 11 Kubernetes cluster

To easily configure a self-hosted Kubernetes cluster we can use Ansible.

Ansible is a radically simple IT automation engine that automates cloud provisioning, configuration management, application deployment, intra-service orchestration, and many other IT needs. It uses no agents and no additional custom security infrastructure, so it's easy to deploy - and most importantly, it uses a very simple language (YAML, in the form of Ansible Playbooks) that allow you to describe your automation jobs in a way that approaches plain English.

— How Ansible Works | Ansible.com

Requirements

  • Ansible does NOT run on Windows, if needed WSL can be used.

  • Instructions on how to install ansible are available here.

  • An authorized SSH user and key must be provided.

Preparation

In order to provision the VMs we need some preparation.

  1. Install Ansible (refer to the respective documentations)

  2. Populate the hosts.ini file

    Vagrant dev setup

    Update the number of workers in the hosts.ini file, according to the WORKER_NODES variable in the Vagrantfile.

    Workers hostnames follow the syntax worker-node0N being N the node number, there should be nodes from 1 to N.


    Real Environment

    Assuming that two or more Debian 11 hosts are available.

    Populate master with only one IP/FQHS corresponding to a host node and as many workers as you'd like.


  3. SSH Config

    • Add an authorized private key to your SSH agent.
    • Instructions for Windows/WSL can be found here.
    • Edit the k3s.yaml file indicating the ssh user by replacing the value in the remote_user variable, this is not required if using the Vagrant dev environment.

  4. Install the required ansible packages by running the following command in this directory.

    ansible-galaxy install -r requirements.yml

Usage

After preparing the environment is just a matter of running the following command in the ansible directory and waiting a couple of minutes:

ansible-playbook -i hosts.ini k3s.yaml

Output

The result will be a configured Kubernetes Cluster. In order to access the cluster the credentials file is available in the same folder with the name credentials.yaml, before accessing the cluster edit the server address inside the file to that of the master node.