Add Test-Case for transitive resolution of dependency

Reproducer for eclipse-m2e#1501

org.eclipse.m2e.jdt.tests/projects/transitiveDependencyResolution/project.a/pom.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
+	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
+	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
+	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
+
+	<groupId>foo.bar</groupId>
+	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
+	<artifactId>project.a</artifactId>
+
+	<dependencies>
+		<dependency>
+			<groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
+			<artifactId>junit-jupiter-api</artifactId>
+			<version>5.7.0</version>
+		</dependency>
+	</dependencies>
+</project>

org.eclipse.m2e.jdt.tests/projects/transitiveDependencyResolution/project.b/pom.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
+	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
+	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
+	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
+
+	<groupId>foo.bar</groupId>
+	<artifactId>project.b</artifactId>
+	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
+
+	<dependencies>
+		<dependency>
+			<!-- Depends on junit-jupiter-api 5.7 and must be listed first-->
+			<groupId>foo.bar</groupId>
+			<artifactId>project.a</artifactId>
+			<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
+		</dependency>
+		<dependency>
+			<groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
+			<artifactId>junit-jupiter-api</artifactId>
+			<version>5.8.0</version>
+		</dependency>
+	</dependencies>
+</project>

org.eclipse.m2e.jdt.tests/projects/transitiveDependencyResolution/project.b/src/main/java/project/b/AClass.java

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+package project.b;
+
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
+
+public class AClass {
+
+	public void aMethod() {
+		// Added in junit-juptier-api 5.8
+		Assertions.assertInstanceOf(String.class, "");
+	}
+}

org.eclipse.m2e.jdt.tests/src/org/eclipse/m2e/jdt/tests/TransitiveDependencyResolutionTest.java

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+/*******************************************************************************
+ * Copyright (c) 2023-2023 Hannes Wellmann and others
+ * All rights reserved. This program and the accompanying materials
+ * are made available under the terms of the Eclipse Public License 2.0
+ * which accompanies this distribution, and is available at
+ * https://www.eclipse.org/legal/epl-2.0/
+ *
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: EPL-2.0
+ *
+ * Contributors:
+ *      Hannes Wellmann - initial API and implementation
+ *******************************************************************************/
+package org.eclipse.m2e.jdt.tests;
+
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
+
+import java.util.List;
+
+import org.eclipse.core.resources.IProject;
+import org.eclipse.core.resources.IncrementalProjectBuilder;
+import org.eclipse.m2e.tests.common.AbstractMavenProjectTestCase;
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+public class TransitiveDependencyResolutionTest extends AbstractMavenProjectTestCase {
+
+	@Test
+	public void resolutionOfOlderDependencyVersionsAsTransitiveDependency() throws Exception {
+		IProject projectA = importProject("projects/transitiveDependencyResolution/project.a/pom.xml");
+		IProject projectB = importProject("projects/transitiveDependencyResolution/project.b/pom.xml");
+		// Project-A depends on junit-jupiter-api:5.7
+		// Project-B depends on junit-jupiter-api:5.8 and Project-A
+		// B also contains a class that references a method added to the Assertions
+		// class in junit-jupiter-api 5.8.
+		// The Assertions class itself already existed in 5.7
+
+		projectA.build(IncrementalProjectBuilder.FULL_BUILD, monitor);
+		projectB.build(IncrementalProjectBuilder.FULL_BUILD, monitor);
+		waitForJobsToComplete();
+		assertEquals("Project-A has errors", List.of(), findErrorMarkers(projectA));
+		assertEquals("Project-B has errors", List.of(), findErrorMarkers(projectB));
+	}
+
+}