chore: Update docker container with latest version of node and JSII

[mutahhir]

Description

Pulling this out of the WIP PR: #3819 because I want to be able to run a later version of Node to proceed with building the other PR.

Checklist

• I have updated the PR title to match CDKTF's style guide
• I have run the linter on my code locally
• I have performed a self-review of my code
• I have commented my code, particularly in hard-to-understand areas
• I have made corresponding changes to the documentation if applicable
• My changes generate no new warnings
• I have added tests that prove my fix is effective or that my feature works if applicable
• New and existing unit tests pass locally with my changes