td 2904

content/en/publication/2023_EPB_special_issue_advances_geospatial_approaches_to_transport/cite.bib

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+@article{braga2023evaluating,
+  title = {Evaluating the Impact of Public Transport Travel Time Inaccuracy and Variability on Socio-Spatial Inequalities in Accessibility},
+  author = {Braga, Carlos Kaue V. and Loureiro, Carlos Felipe Grangeiro and Pereira, Rafael H. M.},
+  year = {2023},
+  month = may,
+  journal = {Journal of Transport Geography},
+  volume = {109},
+  pages = {103590},
+  issn = {0966-6923},
+  doi = {10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2023.103590},
+  urldate = {2023-05-05},
+  langid = {english},
+  keywords = {Accessibility,Equity,GPS,GTFS,Public transport,Variability}
+}

content/en/publication/2023_EPB_special_issue_advances_geospatial_approaches_to_transport/index.md

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+---
+title: "Evaluating the impact of public transport travel time inaccuracy and variability on socio-spatial inequalities in accessibility"
+
+abstract: <p align="justify">"Urban accessibility by public transport has been attracting increasing attention from researchers and transport agencies in recent years. Many of the studies rely on public transport scheduled timetables from GTFS data to calculate accessibility indicators, overlooking the ways in which inaccuracies in scheduled levels of service, as well as day-to-day travel time variability, might impact different socioeconomic groups. This might generate unrealistic or biased results when analyzing accessibility socio-spatial inequalities and assessing transport projects. In this study, we consolidate a method to correct timetables of GTFS feeds based on historical GPS data, and use the city of Fortaleza, Brazil, to show how accessibility to work opportunities based on these two accounts can influence the results of accessibility analyses due to two issues:data inaccuracy and day-to-day travel time variabilities. We use 1-month archived GPS data to create new GTFS timetables that represent both a median level of service and a variability-state level of service; then we use these estimated GTFS to examine the impact of travel time inaccuracy and day-to-day variability on accessibility levels. Results show that, due to the problem of data inaccuracy, the scheduled GTFS underestimates accessibility by 1.5% on average, but in some areas accessibility estimates can be over or underestimated by more than 40%, with significant impact in low income regions. We also find that the variability of travel times have a significant impact of 50% on average on accessibility estimates. This impact is unequally distributed both spatially and across income groups, raising accessibility inequality by 30%. The underlying causes of these impacts are related to several factors, including the GTFS feed's quality, the high concentration of jobs in the city center, and higher travel time variability in the corridors that connect lower-income areas to the city center. These results highlight the importance of considering both inaccuracy and day-to-day variability issues in public transport travel times when estimating accessibility levels and evaluating transport projects, particularly from an equity perspective."</p>
+
+summary: " "
+
+authors:
+- Carlos Kaue V. Braga
+- Carlos G. G. Loureiro
+- admin
+
+date: "2023-05-05"
+publishDate: "2023-05-05"
+
+doi: '10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2023.103590'
+publication: '*Journal of Transport Geography*'
+publication_short:
+publication_types:
+- "2"
+
+
+featured: false
+image:
+  # caption: 'Image credit: [**Unsplash**](https://unsplash.com/photos/jdD8gXaTZsc)'
+  focal_point: ""
+  preview_only: false
+
+
+projects: []
+slides: ""
+
+tags:
+- Public transport
+- Accessibility
+- Equity  
+- GPS
+- GTFS
+- Travel time
+
+# icons
+url_code: ""
+url_dataset: ""
+url_pdf: files/2023_Braga_public_transport_travel_time_inaccuracy_variability_accessibility.pdf
+url_poster: ""
+url_project: ""
+url_slides: ""
+url_source: ""
+url_video: ""
+url_preprint: ""
+
+# # Add custom link (AQUI!!!)
+# links:
+# - name: Interactive app
+#   url: https://cmmid.github.io/visualisations/lacpt
+# 
+
+
+---
+

content/en/publication/2023_TD2904_acessibilidade_urbana_por_ride-hailing/cite.bib

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+@article{pereira2023acessibilidade,
+  title = {Acessibilidade urbana por ride-hailing e transporte público considerando o trade-off entre custo monetário e tempo de viagem},
+  author = {Pereira, Rafael H. M. and Herszenhut, Daniel and Saraiva, Marcus and Farber, Steven},
+  year = {2023},
+  month = {sept},
+  journal = {Texto para Discuss\~ao (TD) 2904},
+  publisher = {{Instituto de Pesquisa Econ\^omica Aplicada (Ipea)}},
+  url = {https://repositorio.ipea.gov.br/handle/11058/12382},
+  urldate = {2023-10-06}
+  }

content/en/publication/2023_TD2904_acessibilidade_urbana_por_ride-hailing/index.md

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+---
+title: "Ride-hailing and transit accessibility considering the trade-off between time and money [PORT]"
+
+abstract: <p align="justify">Ride-hailing services have the potential to expand access to opportunities, but out-of-pocket costs may limit the benefits of ride-hail for low-income individuals. This paper examines how ride-hailing services can shape spatial and socioeconomic differences in access to opportunities while accounting for the trade-off between travel time and monetary costs. Using one year of aggregated Uber trip data for Rio de Janeiro in 2019 and a new multi-objective optimization routing method, we analyze the potential for ride-hailing services to improve employment accessibility when used as a standalone transportation mode and in conjunction with transit as a first-mile feeder service. We compare the accessibility Pareto frontiers of these transport mode alternatives with cumulative opportunity measures considering multiple combinations of travel time and monetary cost thresholds. We find that, compared to transit, ride-hailing can significantly expand accessibility as a standalone transport mode for relatively short trips (between 10 and 40 minutes), and as a first-mile feeder to transit in trips longer than 30 minutes. In both cases, the accessibility advantages of ride-hailing are mostly limited by relatively higher out-of-pocket costs. When we account for different affordability thresholds, the accessibility benefits of ride-hailing services accrue mostly to high-income groups. These findings suggest that policy efforts to integrate rideshare with transit are likely not going to benefit low-income communities without some form of subsidized fare discounts to alleviate affordability barriers. The paper also highlights how accounting for trade-offs between travel-time and monetary costs can importantly influence the results of transportation accessibility and equity studies, suggesting that this issue should be addressed in future research.</p>
+
+summary: " "
+
+authors:
+- admin
+- Daniel Herszenhut
+- Marcus Saraiva
+- Steven Farber
+
+date: 2023-10-06
+
+doi: ""
+publication: '*Texto para Discussão Ipea*'
+publication_short: ''
+publication_types:
+- "4"
+
+
+featured: false
+projects: []
+
+image:
+  # caption: 'Image credit: [**Unsplash**](https://unsplash.com/photos/jdD8gXaTZsc)'
+  focal_point: ""
+  preview_only: false
+
+
+
+# icons
+url_pdf: https://repositorio.ipea.gov.br/bitstream/11058/12382/1/TD_2904_web.pdf
+url_code: https://github.com/ipeaGIT/access_uber
+url_dataset: ""
+url_poster: ""
+url_project: ""
+url_slides: ""
+url_source: ""
+url_video: ""
+url_preprint: ""
+url_poster: ""
+
+# Add custom link (AQUI!!!)
+links:
+- name: Sumário Executivo
+  url: https://repositorio.ipea.gov.br/bitstream/11058/12382/2/TD_2904_Sumex.pdf
+
+
+
+# tags:
+# - Source Themes
+
+---

content/pt/publication/2023_TD2904_acessibilidade_urbana_por_ride-hailing/cite.bib

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+@article{pereira2023acessibilidade,
+  title = {Acessibilidade urbana por ride-hailing e transporte público considerando o trade-off entre custo monetário e tempo de viagem},
+  author = {Pereira, Rafael H. M. and Herszenhut, Daniel and Saraiva, Marcus and Farber, Steven},
+  year = {2023},
+  month = {sept},
+  journal = {Texto para Discuss\~ao (TD) 2904},
+  publisher = {{Instituto de Pesquisa Econ\^omica Aplicada (Ipea)}},
+  url = {https://repositorio.ipea.gov.br/handle/11058/12382},
+  urldate = {2023-10-06}
+  }

content/pt/publication/2023_TD2904_acessibilidade_urbana_por_ride-hailing/index.md

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+---
+title: "Acessibilidade urbana por ride-hailing e transporte público considerando o trade-off entre custo monetário e tempo de viagem"
+
+abstract: <p align="justify">Serviços de ride-hailing (transporte sob demanda por aplicativo) têm o potencial de expandir o acesso às oportunidades, mas os custos monetários desse modo de transporte podem limitar seus benefícios para a população de baixa renda. Este estudo examina como os serviços de ride-hailing podem influenciar desigualdades sociais e espaciais de acesso a oportunidades, considerando o trade-off entre custos monetários e tempos de viagens. Utilizando um ano de dados agregados de viagens da Uber no Rio de Janeiro em 2019 e um novo modelo de roteamento multiobjetivo, analisamos como serviços de ride-hailing podem melhorar o acesso a empregos quando utilizados tanto como único modo de transporte quanto de maneira integrada ao transporte público, realizando a conexão de primeira milha. Aplicamos medidas cumulativas de acessibilidade considerando múltiplas combinações de limites de tempos de viagem e de custos monetários para comparar as fronteiras de Pareto de acesso a empregos calculadas para cada uma das alternativas de transporte. Os resultados indicam que, em comparação com o transporte público, o ride-hailing pode expandir significativamente a acessibilidade tanto quando utilizado isoladamente em viagens relativamente curtas (entre dez e quarenta minutos), quanto para viagens de mais de trinta minutos quando usado de maneira integrada fazendo conexão de primeira milha com o transporte público. Em ambos os casos, as vantagens de acessibilidade do ride-hailing são restringidas em larga medida por custos monetários mais altos. Quando consideramos o impacto do custo tarifário sobre a renda da população, os benefícios de acessibilidade dos serviços de ride-hai¬ling limitam-se principalmente aos grupos de alta renda. Esses resultados sugerem que políticas públicas que busquem integrar serviços de transporte sob demanda com sistemas de transporte público dificilmente trarão benefícios às populações de baixa renda se não forem acompanhadas de alguma forma de desconto tarifário ou subsídio capaz de aliviar suas barreiras financeiras. Este estudo também mostra que levar em conta os trade-offs entre custos monetários e tempos de viagem pode influenciar de maneira significativa os resultados dos estudos de acessibilidade urbana e equidade, e que esses trade-offs deveriam ser considerados por pesquisas futuras.</p>
+
+summary: " "
+
+authors:
+- admin
+- Daniel Herszenhut
+- Marcus Saraiva
+- Steven Farber
+
+date: 2023-10-06
+
+doi: ""
+publication: '*Texto para Discussão Ipea*'
+publication_short: ''
+publication_types:
+- "4"
+
+
+featured: false
+projects: []
+
+image:
+  # caption: 'Image credit: [**Unsplash**](https://unsplash.com/photos/jdD8gXaTZsc)'
+  focal_point: ""
+  preview_only: false
+
+
+
+# icons
+url_pdf: https://repositorio.ipea.gov.br/bitstream/11058/12382/1/TD_2904_web.pdf
+url_code: https://github.com/ipeaGIT/access_uber
+url_dataset: ""
+url_poster: ""
+url_project: ""
+url_slides: ""
+url_source: ""
+url_video: ""
+url_preprint: ""
+url_poster: ""
+
+# Add custom link (AQUI!!!)
+links:
+- name: Sumário Executivo
+  url: https://repositorio.ipea.gov.br/bitstream/11058/12382/2/TD_2904_Sumex.pdf
+
+
+
+# tags:
+# - Source Themes
+
+---