Async Python Web Frameworks comparison

https://klen.github.io/py-frameworks-bench/

Updated: 2022-11-21

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This is a simple benchmark for python async frameworks. Almost all of the frameworks are ASGI-compatible (aiohttp and tornado are exceptions on the moment).

The objective of the benchmark is not testing deployment (like uvicorn vs hypercorn and etc) or database (ORM, drivers) but instead test the frameworks itself. The benchmark checks request parsing (body, headers, formdata, queries), routing, responses.

Table of contents

• The Methodic
• The Results
  • Accept a request and return HTML response with a custom dynamic header
  • Parse path params, query string, JSON body and return a json response
  • Parse uploaded file, store it on disk and return a text response
  • Composite stats

The Methodic

The benchmark runs as a Github Action. According to the github documentation the hardware specification for the runs is:

• 2-core vCPU (Intel® Xeon® Platinum 8272CL (Cascade Lake), Intel® Xeon® 8171M 2.1GHz (Skylake))
• 7 GB of RAM memory
• 14 GB of SSD disk space
• OS Ubuntu 20.04

ASGI apps are running from docker using the gunicorn/uvicorn command:

gunicorn -k uvicorn.workers.UvicornWorker -b 0.0.0.0:8080 app:app

Applications' source code can be found here.

Results received with WRK utility using the params:

wrk -d15s -t4 -c64 [URL]

The benchmark has a three kind of tests:

1. "Simple" test: accept a request and return HTML response with custom dynamic header. The test simulates just a single HTML response.

2. "API" test: Check headers, parse path params, query string, JSON body and return a json response. The test simulates an JSON REST API.

3. "Upload" test: accept an uploaded file and store it on disk. The test simulates multipart formdata processing and work with files.

The Results (2022-11-21)

Accept a request and return HTML response with a custom dynamic header

The test simulates just a single HTML response.

Sorted by max req/s

Framework	Requests/sec	Latency 50% (ms)	Latency 75% (ms)	Latency Avg (ms)
blacksheep 1.2.8	19048	2.79	4.34	3.32
muffin 0.87.3	16838	3.11	4.93	3.77
sanic 22.9.1	15744	4.75	5.08	4.02
falcon 3.1.1	15646	3.31	5.36	4.06
baize 0.18.2	14057	3.65	6.00	4.52
starlette 0.22.0	13610	3.87	6.18	4.67
fastapi 0.87.0	8786	5.63	9.87	7.26
aiohttp 3.8.3	7279	8.74	8.81	8.79
quart 0.18.3	3473	18.98	19.86	18.44
tornado 6.2	3360	18.96	19.04	19.06
django 4.1.3	1196	50.25	54.10	53.38

Parse path params, query string, JSON body and return a json response

The test simulates a simple JSON REST API endpoint.

Sorted by max req/s

Framework	Requests/sec	Latency 50% (ms)	Latency 75% (ms)	Latency Avg (ms)
sanic 22.9.1	10667	7.13	7.59	5.96
blacksheep 1.2.8	10561	4.70	8.17	6.04
muffin 0.87.3	10432	4.78	8.29	6.10
falcon 3.1.1	10244	4.86	8.51	6.22
starlette 0.22.0	7994	6.21	10.93	7.97
baize 0.18.2	6706	9.71	10.09	9.53
fastapi 0.87.0	5713	8.58	15.62	11.17
aiohttp 3.8.3	3377	18.89	19.05	18.94
tornado 6.2	2851	22.43	22.53	22.45
quart 0.18.3	2376	26.54	27.19	26.93
django 4.1.3	1052	57.45	61.50	60.68

Parse uploaded file, store it on disk and return a text response

The test simulates multipart formdata processing and work with files.

Sorted by max req/s

Framework	Requests/sec	Latency 50% (ms)	Latency 75% (ms)	Latency Avg (ms)
blacksheep 1.2.8	5479	8.96	16.04	11.64
sanic 22.9.1	4843	11.28	17.28	13.19
muffin 0.87.3	4398	11.34	20.15	14.51
falcon 3.1.1	3447	14.46	25.12	18.65
baize 0.18.2	2822	22.10	24.78	22.67
starlette 0.22.0	2376	21.29	37.27	26.88
aiohttp 3.8.3	2240	28.57	28.73	28.60
tornado 6.2	2084	30.67	30.84	30.70
fastapi 0.87.0	2063	24.06	42.72	30.97
quart 0.18.3	1743	36.66	37.51	36.68
django 4.1.3	793	76.47	78.93	80.42

Composite stats

Combined benchmarks results

Sorted by completed requests

Framework	Requests completed	Avg Latency 50% (ms)	Avg Latency 75% (ms)	Avg Latency (ms)
blacksheep 1.2.8	526320	5.48	9.52	7.0
muffin 0.87.3	475020	6.41	11.12	8.13
sanic 22.9.1	468810	7.72	9.98	7.72
falcon 3.1.1	440055	7.54	13.0	9.64
starlette 0.22.0	359700	10.46	18.13	13.17
baize 0.18.2	353775	11.82	13.62	12.24
fastapi 0.87.0	248430	12.76	22.74	16.47
aiohttp 3.8.3	193440	18.73	18.86	18.78
tornado 6.2	124425	24.02	24.14	24.07
quart 0.18.3	113880	27.39	28.19	27.35
django 4.1.3	45615	61.39	64.84	64.83

Conclusion

Nothing here, just some measures for you.

License

Licensed under a MIT license (See LICENSE file)