chore(deps): bump the go_modules group group with 5 updates

Bumps the go_modules group group with 5 updates:

| Package | From | To |
| --- | --- | --- |
| [github.com/docker/docker](https://github.com/docker/docker) | `23.0.5+incompatible` | `24.0.9+incompatible` |
| [github.com/go-jose/go-jose/v3](https://github.com/go-jose/go-jose) | `3.0.1` | `3.0.3` |
| [github.com/sigstore/cosign/v2](https://github.com/sigstore/cosign) | `2.1.1` | `2.2.1` |
| [helm.sh/helm/v3](https://github.com/helm/helm) | `3.12.3` | `3.14.3` |
| google.golang.org/protobuf | `1.31.0` | `1.33.0` |


Updates `github.com/docker/docker` from 23.0.5+incompatible to 24.0.9+incompatible
- [Release notes](https://github.com/docker/docker/releases)
- [Commits](moby/moby@v23.0.5...v24.0.9)

Updates `github.com/go-jose/go-jose/v3` from 3.0.1 to 3.0.3
- [Release notes](https://github.com/go-jose/go-jose/releases)
- [Changelog](https://github.com/go-jose/go-jose/blob/v3.0.3/CHANGELOG.md)
- [Commits](go-jose/go-jose@v3.0.1...v3.0.3)

Updates `github.com/sigstore/cosign/v2` from 2.1.1 to 2.2.1
- [Release notes](https://github.com/sigstore/cosign/releases)
- [Changelog](https://github.com/sigstore/cosign/blob/main/CHANGELOG.md)
- [Commits](sigstore/cosign@v2.1.1...v2.2.1)

Updates `helm.sh/helm/v3` from 3.12.3 to 3.14.3
- [Release notes](https://github.com/helm/helm/releases)
- [Commits](helm/helm@v3.12.3...v3.14.3)

Updates `google.golang.org/protobuf` from 1.31.0 to 1.33.0

---
updated-dependencies:
- dependency-name: github.com/docker/docker
  dependency-type: indirect
  dependency-group: go_modules-security-group
- dependency-name: github.com/go-jose/go-jose/v3
  dependency-type: indirect
  dependency-group: go_modules-security-group
- dependency-name: github.com/sigstore/cosign/v2
  dependency-type: indirect
  dependency-group: go_modules-security-group
- dependency-name: helm.sh/helm/v3
  dependency-type: indirect
  dependency-group: go_modules-security-group
- dependency-name: google.golang.org/protobuf
  dependency-type: indirect
  dependency-group: go_modules-security-group
...

Signed-off-by: dependabot[bot] <[email protected]>