Debounce how often we checkpoint progress

modules/it/src/test/scala/com/snowplowanalytics/snowplow/sources/kinesis/Utils.scala

@@ -95,7 +95,8 @@ object Utils {
     Some(endpoint),
     10.seconds,
     BigDecimal(1.0),
-    BackoffPolicy(100.millis, 1.second)
+    BackoffPolicy(100.millis, 1.second),
+    10.seconds
   )
 
   def getKinesisSinkConfig(endpoint: URI)(streamName: String): KinesisSinkConfig = KinesisSinkConfig(

modules/kafka/src/main/resources/reference.conf

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ snowplow.defaults {
         "sasl.mechanism": "OAUTHBEARER"
         "sasl.jaas.config": "org.apache.kafka.common.security.oauthbearer.OAuthBearerLoginModule required;"
       }
+      debounceCommitOffsets: "10 seconds"
     }
   }
 

modules/kafka/src/main/scala/com/snowplowanalytics/snowplow/sources/kafka/KafkaSource.scala

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ import org.typelevel.log4cats.slf4j.Slf4jLogger
 import scala.reflect._
 
 import java.nio.ByteBuffer
-import scala.concurrent.duration.DurationLong
+import scala.concurrent.duration.{DurationLong, FiniteDuration}
 
 // kafka
 import fs2.kafka._
@@ -49,6 +49,8 @@ object KafkaSource {
 
       def stream: Stream[F, Stream[F, Option[LowLevelEvents[KafkaCheckpoints[F]]]]] =
         kafkaStream(config, authHandlerClass)
+
+      def debounceCheckpoints: FiniteDuration = config.debounceCommitOffsets
     }
 
   case class OffsetAndCommit[F[_]](offset: Long, commit: F[Unit])

modules/kafka/src/main/scala/com/snowplowanalytics/snowplow/sources/kafka/KafkaSourceConfig.scala

@@ -9,11 +9,22 @@ package com.snowplowanalytics.snowplow.sources.kafka
 
 import io.circe.Decoder
 import io.circe.generic.semiauto._
+import io.circe.config.syntax._
 
+import scala.concurrent.duration.FiniteDuration
+
+/**
+ * Config to be supplied from the app's hocon
+ *
+ * @param debounceCommitOffsets
+ *   How frequently to commit our progress back to kafka. By increasing this value, we decrease the
+ *   number of requests made to the kafka broker.
+ */
 case class KafkaSourceConfig(
   topicName: String,
   bootstrapServers: String,
-  consumerConf: Map[String, String]
+  consumerConf: Map[String, String],
+  debounceCommitOffsets: FiniteDuration
 )
 
 object KafkaSourceConfig {

modules/kafka/src/test/scala/com/snowplowanalytics/snowplow/sources/kafka/KafkaSourceConfigSpec.scala

@@ -15,6 +15,8 @@ import io.circe.Decoder
 import io.circe.generic.semiauto._
 import org.specs2.Specification
 
+import scala.concurrent.duration.DurationLong
+
 class KafkaSourceConfigSpec extends Specification {
   import KafkaSourceConfigSpec._
 
@@ -50,7 +52,8 @@ class KafkaSourceConfigSpec extends Specification {
         "security.protocol" -> "SASL_SSL",
         "sasl.mechanism" -> "OAUTHBEARER",
         "sasl.jaas.config" -> "org.apache.kafka.common.security.oauthbearer.OAuthBearerLoginModule required;"
-      )
+      ),
+      debounceCommitOffsets = 10.seconds
     )
 
     result.as[Wrapper] must beRight.like { case w: Wrapper =>

modules/kinesis/src/main/resources/reference.conf

@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ snowplow.defaults: {
         minBackoff: "100 millis"
         maxBackoff: "1 second"
       }
+      debounceCheckpoints: "10 seconds"
     }
   }
 

modules/kinesis/src/main/scala/com/snowplowanalytics/snowplow/sources/kinesis/KinesisSource.scala

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ import software.amazon.kinesis.lifecycle.events.{ProcessRecordsInput, ShardEnded
 import software.amazon.kinesis.retrieval.kpl.ExtendedSequenceNumber
 
 import java.util.concurrent.{CountDownLatch, SynchronousQueue}
-import scala.concurrent.duration.DurationLong
+import scala.concurrent.duration.{DurationLong, FiniteDuration}
 import scala.jdk.CollectionConverters._
 
 object KinesisSource {
@@ -34,6 +34,8 @@ object KinesisSource {
 
         def checkpointer: KinesisCheckpointer[F] =
           new KinesisCheckpointer[F](config.checkpointThrottledBackoffPolicy)
+
+        def debounceCheckpoints: FiniteDuration = config.debounceCheckpoints
       }
     }
 

modules/kinesis/src/main/scala/com/snowplowanalytics/snowplow/sources/kinesis/KinesisSourceConfig.scala

@@ -35,6 +35,9 @@ import com.snowplowanalytics.snowplow.kinesis.BackoffPolicy
  *   up/down and pod-rotation, we want the app to be quick to acquire shard-leases to process. With
  *   bigger instances (more cores/processors) we tend to have more shard-leases per instance, so we
  *   increase how aggressively it acquires leases.
+ * @param debounceCheckpoints
+ *   How frequently to checkpoint our progress to the DynamoDB table. By increasing this value we
+ *   can decrease the write-throughput requirements of the DynamoDB table.
  *
  * Other params are self-explanatory
  */
@@ -49,7 +52,8 @@ case class KinesisSourceConfig(
   cloudwatchCustomEndpoint: Option[URI],
   leaseDuration: FiniteDuration,
   maxLeasesToStealAtOneTimeFactor: BigDecimal,
-  checkpointThrottledBackoffPolicy: BackoffPolicy
+  checkpointThrottledBackoffPolicy: BackoffPolicy,
+  debounceCheckpoints: FiniteDuration
 )
 
 object KinesisSourceConfig {

modules/kinesis/src/test/scala/com/snowplowanalytics/snowplow/sources/kinesis/KinesisSourceConfigSpec.scala

@@ -46,7 +46,8 @@ class KinesisSourceConfigSpec extends Specification {
       "checkpointThrottledBackoffPolicy": {
         "minBackoff": "100 millis",
         "maxBackoff": "1second"
-      }
+      },
+      "debounceCheckpoints": "42 seconds"
     }
     """
 
@@ -59,7 +60,8 @@ class KinesisSourceConfigSpec extends Specification {
         c.retrievalMode must beEqualTo(KinesisSourceConfig.Retrieval.Polling(42)),
         c.leaseDuration must beEqualTo(20.seconds),
         c.maxLeasesToStealAtOneTimeFactor must beEqualTo(BigDecimal(0.42)),
-        c.checkpointThrottledBackoffPolicy must beEqualTo(BackoffPolicy(minBackoff = 100.millis, maxBackoff = 1.second))
+        c.checkpointThrottledBackoffPolicy must beEqualTo(BackoffPolicy(minBackoff = 100.millis, maxBackoff = 1.second)),
+        c.debounceCheckpoints must beEqualTo(42.seconds)
       ).reduce(_ and _)
     }
   }
@@ -82,7 +84,8 @@ class KinesisSourceConfigSpec extends Specification {
       "checkpointThrottledBackoffPolicy": {
         "minBackoff": "100 millis",
         "maxBackoff": "1second"
-      }
+      },
+      "debounceCheckpoints": "42 seconds"
     }
     """
 
@@ -95,7 +98,8 @@ class KinesisSourceConfigSpec extends Specification {
         c.retrievalMode must beEqualTo(KinesisSourceConfig.Retrieval.Polling(42)),
         c.leaseDuration must beEqualTo(20.seconds),
         c.maxLeasesToStealAtOneTimeFactor must beEqualTo(BigDecimal(0.42)),
-        c.checkpointThrottledBackoffPolicy must beEqualTo(BackoffPolicy(minBackoff = 100.millis, maxBackoff = 1.second))
+        c.checkpointThrottledBackoffPolicy must beEqualTo(BackoffPolicy(minBackoff = 100.millis, maxBackoff = 1.second)),
+        c.debounceCheckpoints must beEqualTo(42.seconds)
       ).reduce(_ and _)
     }
   }
@@ -124,7 +128,8 @@ class KinesisSourceConfigSpec extends Specification {
       cloudwatchCustomEndpoint         = None,
       leaseDuration                    = 10.seconds,
       maxLeasesToStealAtOneTimeFactor  = BigDecimal(2.0),
-      checkpointThrottledBackoffPolicy = BackoffPolicy(minBackoff = 100.millis, maxBackoff = 1.second)
+      checkpointThrottledBackoffPolicy = BackoffPolicy(minBackoff = 100.millis, maxBackoff = 1.second),
+      debounceCheckpoints              = 10.seconds
     )
 
     result.as[Wrapper] must beRight.like { case w: Wrapper =>

modules/pubsub/src/main/scala/com/snowplowanalytics/snowplow/sources/pubsub/PubsubSource.scala

@@ -64,6 +64,8 @@ object PubsubSource {
 
       def stream: Stream[F, Stream[F, Option[LowLevelEvents[Vector[Unique.Token]]]]] =
         pubsubStream(config, deferredResources)
+
+      def debounceCheckpoints: FiniteDuration = Duration.Zero
     }
 
   private def pubsubStream[F[_]: Async](

modules/streams-core/src/main/scala/com.snowplowanalytics.snowplow/sources/internal/LowLevelSource.scala

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
  */
 package com.snowplowanalytics.snowplow.sources.internal
 
-import cats.Monad
+import cats.{Monad, Semigroup}
 import cats.implicits._
 import cats.effect.std.Queue
 import cats.effect.kernel.{Ref, Unique}
@@ -49,6 +49,14 @@ private[sources] trait LowLevelSource[F[_], C] {
    * `SourceAndAck` reporting itself as unhealthy.
    */
   def stream: Stream[F, Stream[F, Option[LowLevelEvents[C]]]]
+
+  /**
+   * How frequently we should checkpoint progress to this source
+   *
+   * E.g. for the Kinesis we can increase value to reduce how often we need to write to the DynamoDB
+   * table
+   */
+  def debounceCheckpoints: FiniteDuration
 }
 
 private[sources] object LowLevelSource {
@@ -118,7 +126,7 @@ private[sources] object LowLevelSource {
           .through(windowed(config.windowing))
 
         val sinks = EagerWindows.pipes { control: EagerWindows.Control[F] =>
-          CleanCancellation(messageSink(processor, acksRef, source.checkpointer, control))
+          CleanCancellation(messageSink(processor, acksRef, source.checkpointer, control, source.debounceCheckpoints))
         }
 
         tokenedSources
@@ -223,20 +231,21 @@ private[sources] object LowLevelSource {
    * @param control
    *   Controls the processing of eager windows. Prevents the next eager window from checkpointing
    *   any events before the previous window is fully finalized.
+   * @param debounceCheckpoints
+   *   Debounces how often we call the checkpointer.
    */
   private def messageSink[F[_]: Async, C](
     processor: EventProcessor[F],
     ref: Ref[F, AcksState[C]],
     checkpointer: Checkpointer[F, C],
-    control: EagerWindows.Control[F]
+    control: EagerWindows.Control[F],
+    debounceCheckpoints: FiniteDuration
   ): Pipe[F, TokenedEvents, Nothing] =
     _.evalTap { case TokenedEvents(events, _) =>
       Logger[F].debug(s"Batch of ${events.size} events received from the source stream")
     }
       .through(processor)
       .chunks
-      .prefetch // This prefetch means we can ack messages concurrently with processing the next batch
-      .evalTap(_ => control.waitForPreviousWindow)
       .evalMap { chunk =>
         chunk
           .traverse { token =>
@@ -249,10 +258,14 @@ private[sources] object LowLevelSource {
                 case None    => Async[F].raiseError[C](new IllegalStateException("Missing checkpoint for token"))
               }
           }
-          .flatMap { cs =>
-            checkpointer.ack(checkpointer.combineAll(cs.toIterable))
+          .map { cs =>
+            checkpointer.combineAll(cs.toIterable)
           }
       }
+      .prefetch // This prefetch means we can ack messages concurrently with processing the next batch
+      .through(batchUpCheckpoints(debounceCheckpoints, checkpointer))
+      .evalTap(_ => control.waitForPreviousWindow)
+      .evalMap(c => checkpointer.ack(c))
       .drain
       .onFinalizeCase {
         case ExitCase.Succeeded =>
@@ -344,4 +357,38 @@ private[sources] object LowLevelSource {
    */
   private def timeoutForFirstWindow(config: EventProcessingConfig.TimedWindows): FiniteDuration =
     (config.duration.toMillis * config.firstWindowScaling).toLong.milliseconds
+
+  private def batchUpCheckpoints[F[_]: Async, C](timeout: FiniteDuration, semigroup: Semigroup[C]): Pipe[F, C, C] = {
+
+    def go(timedPull: Pull.Timed[F, C], output: Option[C]): Pull[F, C, Unit] =
+      timedPull.uncons.flatMap {
+        case None =>
+          // Upstream finished cleanly. Emit whatever is pending and we're done.
+          Pull.outputOption1(output)
+        case Some((Left(_), next)) =>
+          // Timer timed-out. Emit whatever is pending.
+          Pull.outputOption1(output) >> go(next, None)
+        case Some((Right(chunk), next)) =>
+          // Upstream emitted tokens to us. We might already have pending tokens
+          output match {
+            case Some(c) =>
+              go(next, Some(chunk.foldLeft(c)(semigroup.combine(_, _))))
+            case None =>
+              semigroup.combineAllOption(chunk.iterator) match {
+                case Some(c) =>
+                  next.timeout(timeout) >> go(next, Some(c))
+                case None =>
+                  go(next, None)
+              }
+          }
+      }
+
+    in =>
+      if (timeout > Duration.Zero)
+        in.pull.timed { timedPull =>
+          go(timedPull, None)
+        }.stream
+      else
+        in
+  }
 }